Sinus tympani endoscopic anatomy

Transcanal Endoscopic Approach to the Sinus Tympani

“…Recently, a posterior approach to the ST through the mastoid has been proposed by several authors (2,9,10). The retrofacial posterior approach was performed by dissecting the triangular bony area formed by the facial nerve, lateral semicircular canal, and posterior semicircular canal.…”

“…Recently, Baki et al (9) studied the endoscopic anatomy of the ST on 30 cadaveric temporal bones. They found that the ST is bounded laterally by a constant ledge of bone anterior to the facial nerve, and in 6 specimens, when the ST was deep and extending posterior to the facial nerve, it was not possible to visualize this region clearly with the endoscope because the orifice plane was more or less perpendicular to the axis of the external auditory canal.…”

“…Therefore, at present, the best procedure to visualize the ST has still not been clearly defined. Recently, endoscopes have been introduced to visualize hidden areas such as the ST (9,10).…”

An overview of endoscopic ear surgery in 2018

“…8 Badr-el-Dine and El-Meselaty et al reported on the value of endoscopy as an adjunct in cholesteatoma surgery and documented a reduced risk of recurrence when the endoscope was used. 9,10 The reduction in residual disease was further confirmed by Yung 11 and Ayache et al 12 Abdel Baki et al 13 reported on using endoscopic technique to evaluate disease within the sinus tympani. Mattox reported on endoscopy-assisted surgery of the petrous apex.…”