Sinuous Antenna for UWB Radar Applications

Abstract

In this paper, the recent progress on sinuous antennas is detailed, focusing the attention on the antenna geometry, dielectric structure, and miniaturization techniques. In the first part, we introduce the basic principles of the frequency-independent antenna, in particular the self-complementary and log-periodic geometries, as well as the antenna geometries, all characterized in terms of angles. The operating principles, main advantages, system design considerations, limits, and challenges of conventional sinuous antennas are illustrated. Second, we describe some technical solutions aimed to ensure the optimal trade-off between antenna size and radiation behavior. To this aim, some special modification of the antenna geometry based on the meandering as well as on the loading with dielectric structures are presented. Moreover, the cavity backing technique is explained in detail as a method to achieve unidirectional radiation. Third, we present a new class of supershaped sinuous antenna based on a suitable merge of the 2D superformula and the sinuous curve. The effect of the free parameters change on the antenna arm geometry as well as the performance improvement in terms of directivity, beam stability, beam angle, gain, and radiating efficiency are highlighted.

Quantum Based Particle Swarm Optimization for Equivalent Circuit Design of Terminal Antenna Impedance

“…After the preliminary analysis aimed to demonstrate that the EWQPSO can efficiently extend the solution quality and convergence behavior of the QPSO, the developed optimization algorithm has been used to evaluate the lumped element values characterizing the equivalent circuit whose driving–point admittance function well approximate the antenna admittance calculated using the Ansys Electronic Suite (Ansys Electronics, n.d.). To this aim, a two arms sinuous antenna printed on a RT/duroid®5880 laminate was simulated in the frequency range 1–3 GHz (DuHamel, 1987; Mescia et al., 2022). Other parameters characterizing the antenna are the number of cells p = 12, the angular width α = π /2, the angular spacing δ = π /4, the grow rate τ = 0.78, and the radius of the outermost cell R = 29 mm.…”

An Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna for a Drone-mounted Ground Probing Radar

“…As the log-periodic antennas, sinuous antennas suffer from resonances that produce late time ringing which is particularly problematic for sensing applications. To remove this drawback, a novel truncation method suitable to avoid the sharp end resonance was presented in [18], while some technical solutions aimed to ensure the optimal trade-off between antenna size and radiation behavior were presented in [19]. To this end, modifications of the antenna geometry based on the meandering as well as on the loading with dielectric structures were proposed.…”

Investigation of Parallel and Orthogonal MIMO Antennas with Two-Notched Structures for Ultra-Wideband Application

“…Since the application of ultra-wideband (UWB) frequency was proposed, it has become the focus of many engineers of wireless communication technology. Due to the high transmission rate and low power consumption, UWB technology has been widely used in the fields of ground-penetrating radar [ 1 , 2 ], wireless sensors [ 3 ], precise positioning [ 4 ], biomedical engineering [ 5 , 6 ], etc. However, the presence of many narrowband communication systems creates some interferences with the UWB system because those frequency bands are also included in the operating band of the UWB system.…”