Abstract:ResumenSe presentan los resultados obtenidos del uso de mezclas de aceites crudos de higuerilla, de palma y de fritura con aceite de soja refinado, blanqueado y desodorizado (RBD) en la síntesis de resinas alquídicas. Se emplearon las técnicas de caracterización índice de iodo, índice de acidez, índice de saponificación, humedad Karl Fisher, índice de hidroxilo, cromatografía gaseosa, transformación de Fourier de la radiación infrarroja (FTIR) y análisis termogravimétrico. Los resultados indican que las mezcla… Show more
“…The second onset of degradation of the PU (TD2) from all samples started at 250 to 300 °C which is associated with the hard segments on the PU [ 20 ]. It can be seen that the PU from RPO degrades much faster possibly due to higher saturation and less urethane linkage that is formed [ 13 ] and possible free isocyanate [ 49 ]. PU from RPO/JO and RPO/AO degrades at a similar rate during this stage.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The functionality and the degree of unsaturation of the resulting polyol are linked and showed to have a significant effect on the mechanical properties and stability of the resulting polymer [ 2 ]. Polyols with low functionality and high molecular weight such as from palm oil (functionality of 1.7) produce soft and more fragile polymers due to relatively lesser crosslinking in the polymeric matrix [ 13 ]. This limits it uses and hampers its full implementation.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cardeño et al [ 13 ] compared the thermal stability of alkyd resins produced from refined, bleached and deodorized soy bean oil (RBD-SBO) and mixtures of RBD-SBO-recovered frying oils, palm oil and castor oil. Their research showed that the highest thermal stability was from the mixture RBD-SBO/castor oil (70/30) followed by RBD-SBO/frying oil and RBD-SBO/palm oil.…”
In the effort to produce renewable and biodegradable polymers, more studies are being undertaken to explore environmentally friendly sources to replace petroleum-based sources. The oil palm industry is not only the biggest vegetable-oil producer from crops but also one the biggest producers of residual oil that cannot be used for edible purposes due to its low quality. In this paper the development of biopolymers from residual palm oil, residual palm oil with 10% jatropha oil, and residual palm oil with 10% algae oil as additives were explored. Polyols from the different oils were prepared by epoxydation with peroxyacetic acid and alcoholysis under the same conditions and further reacted with poly isocyanate to form polyurethanes. Epoxidized oils, polyols and polyurethanes were analyzed by different techniques such as TGA, DSC, DMA, FTIR and H-NMR. Overall, although the IV of algae oil is slightly higher than that of jatropha oil, the usage of algae oil as additive into the residual palm oil was shown to significantly increase the hard segments and thermal stability of the bio polyurethane compared to the polymer with jatropha oil. Furthermore, when algae oil was mixed with the residual palm oil, it was possible to identify phosphate groups in the polyol which might enhance the fire-retardant properties of the final biopolymer.
“…The second onset of degradation of the PU (TD2) from all samples started at 250 to 300 °C which is associated with the hard segments on the PU [ 20 ]. It can be seen that the PU from RPO degrades much faster possibly due to higher saturation and less urethane linkage that is formed [ 13 ] and possible free isocyanate [ 49 ]. PU from RPO/JO and RPO/AO degrades at a similar rate during this stage.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The functionality and the degree of unsaturation of the resulting polyol are linked and showed to have a significant effect on the mechanical properties and stability of the resulting polymer [ 2 ]. Polyols with low functionality and high molecular weight such as from palm oil (functionality of 1.7) produce soft and more fragile polymers due to relatively lesser crosslinking in the polymeric matrix [ 13 ]. This limits it uses and hampers its full implementation.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cardeño et al [ 13 ] compared the thermal stability of alkyd resins produced from refined, bleached and deodorized soy bean oil (RBD-SBO) and mixtures of RBD-SBO-recovered frying oils, palm oil and castor oil. Their research showed that the highest thermal stability was from the mixture RBD-SBO/castor oil (70/30) followed by RBD-SBO/frying oil and RBD-SBO/palm oil.…”
In the effort to produce renewable and biodegradable polymers, more studies are being undertaken to explore environmentally friendly sources to replace petroleum-based sources. The oil palm industry is not only the biggest vegetable-oil producer from crops but also one the biggest producers of residual oil that cannot be used for edible purposes due to its low quality. In this paper the development of biopolymers from residual palm oil, residual palm oil with 10% jatropha oil, and residual palm oil with 10% algae oil as additives were explored. Polyols from the different oils were prepared by epoxydation with peroxyacetic acid and alcoholysis under the same conditions and further reacted with poly isocyanate to form polyurethanes. Epoxidized oils, polyols and polyurethanes were analyzed by different techniques such as TGA, DSC, DMA, FTIR and H-NMR. Overall, although the IV of algae oil is slightly higher than that of jatropha oil, the usage of algae oil as additive into the residual palm oil was shown to significantly increase the hard segments and thermal stability of the bio polyurethane compared to the polymer with jatropha oil. Furthermore, when algae oil was mixed with the residual palm oil, it was possible to identify phosphate groups in the polyol which might enhance the fire-retardant properties of the final biopolymer.
“…El valor ácido de la resina alquídica obtenida se determina usando la norma ASTM D 1639-90. Los detalles de fabricación de este tipo de resinas son descritos en publicaciones anteriores (Cardeño, et al 2013, Uzoh, et al 2013.…”
Section: Fabricación De Las Resinas Alquídicas Vía Glicerólisis De Lounclassified
“…Actualmente existen en el mercado una gran diversidad de productos empleados como recubrimientos para madera, que son usados comúnmente para dar tratamiento de primers (selladores de poros) o para el acabado decorativo a las superficies (lacas brillantes). Entre los productos comerciales más usados se destacan los recubrimientos basados en resinas nitrocelulósicas, epóxicas, poliuretánicas, vinílicas, acrílicas, poliésteres y alquídicas (Franco, et al 2009;Marrion, et al 2004;Cardeño, et al 2013). En el caso de las resinas alquídicas, estas últimas son materiales poliméricos derivados de la reacción de polioles y poliácidos, que son modificados con aceites y ácidos grasos naturales insaturados o sintéticos que se caracterizan por su secado oxidativo a temperatura ambiente en presencia de catalizadores y brindar propiedades mecánicas a la película formada (Panda, 2010, Uzoh, et al 2013.…”
Se presentan resultados de la elaboración de lacas y selladores para madera a partir de resinas alquídicas empleando aceites autóctonos crudos de higuerilla, palma y de fritura para reemplazar aceites importados como el de soja. Los productos desarrollados fueron caracterizados mediante criterios de desempeño tales como brillo, viscosidad, adherencia al sustrato, estabilidad térmica y tiempos de secado, bajo normas nacionales e internacionales, con el fin de determinar similitud o cambios con respecto a contratipos comerciales. El desarrollo plantea la inclusión de este tipo de materias primas, autóctonas de la región, como una alternativa para reducción de costos, generación de empleos directos e indirectos y la incorporación de estos aceites vegetales de bajo valor comercial en la cadena productiva de recubrimientos para madera. Además se da valor agregado a los aceites recuperados de fritura convirtiéndolos en una materia prima de interés comercial y minimizando su impacto ambiental en cuerpos de agua.
Currently in Mexico, one of the problems that affect it is contamination by accumulation of Urban Solid Waste (MSW) in the soil. Within these RSU we find various types of polymers such as cellulose fiber (cardboard), PET, expanded polystyrene (UNICEL or EPS) among others; The latter is one of the residues that can hardly be degraded, which is why various methods have been designed or developed to recycle it and be able to reuse it in various processes in the industry. Therefore, the present work is focused on the search for new alternatives for the recycling and reuse of UNICEL, as is the case of the design of a painting, during which satisfactory results were shown, because the product showed compliance with the compatibility parameters established for the production of paints, as well as adhesion to surfaces, texture, resistance to deformation, viscosity and finish on surfaces. In addition to the fact that it is a product based on the reuse of recycled expanded polystyrene, which has properties related to the manufacture of resins and paints.
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