Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Hidrogel Superabsorben Kitosan Poli(N-Vinilkaprolaktam) (Pnvcl) Dengan Metode Full IPN (Interpenetrating Polymer Network)

Abstract

AbstrakMaterial polimer untuk menyusun hidrogel harus dapat mengembang (swell) dan mempertahankan fraksi air pada strukturnya, namun tidak larut dalam air. Polimer alami memiliki gugus fungsi yang dapat menjadi pusat aktif reaksi dimana dapat dilakukan modifikasi untuk menghasilkan suatu polimer dengan karakteristik yang lebih baik. Kitosan merupakan polimer alami yang memiliki kekuatan struktur yang kurang dibandingkan kemampuan mengembang. Sintesis hidrogel kitosan dengan metode full interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) dapat meningkatkan kekuatan struktur melalui ikat silang. Tahap pertama adalah sintesis jaringan polimer kitosan terikat silang asetaldehida. Tahap kedua adalah sintesis jaringan polimer PNVCL terikat silang N, N'-metilenbisakrilamida (MBA) melalui polimerisasi radikal bebas monomer NVCL dengan inisiator amonium persulfat (APS). Variasi waktu, rasio kitosan-PNVCL, konsentrasi agen pengikat silang, dan konsentrasi inisiator dipelajari untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada reaksi 2 jam dengan rasio kitosan/NVCL 90:10 (b/b %), konsentrasi MBA 0,5% b/v, dan konsentrasi APS 3% b/v. HSA kitosan-PNVCL memberikan rasio swelling 380,66% dan derajat ikat silang 60,85%. Karakterisasi HSA dilakukan dengan spektrofotometer Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), dan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). AbstractPolymer material used for hydrogel should have capability to swell and to keep water molecules in its structure without solubilised in water. Natural polymers has functional groups which can perform as active sites in modification to produce polymer with better characteristic. Chitosan is a natural polymer which has good swelling ability but lack of structural strength. Synthesis of chitosan hydrogel by interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) will increase its strength through crosslinking. In this research, the first step of modification was the synthesis of chitosan polymer network crosslinked by acetaldehyde. The next step was the synthesis of PNVCL polymer network crosslinked by N,N-methylbisacrylamide (MBA) through free radical polymerization of NVCL monomer with ammonium persulfat (APS) as the initiatior. Optimum reaction time, chitosan/ PNVCL ratio (w/w %), concentration of crosslinker agent, and concentration of initiator had been observed. The optimum conditions were obtained as followed: 2 hours reaction, the ratio chitosan/PNVCL of 90:10 (w/w %), %-w MBA concentration of 0,5%, and APS concentration of 3%. The swelling ratio of the hydrogel was 380,66% while the crosslinking degree was 60,85%. Fourier transfor infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) were used for the characterization of the hydrogel.

Formulation of Chewable Gummy Tablet of Moringa oleifera L. Leaf Extract Using Combination Kappa Carrageenan and Iota Carrageenan

“…The process of water molecules entering the gel structure will enhance the diffusion of the active ingredients from the chewable gummy. The larger and faster the ability of the matrix to expand, the faster the release of Moringa leaf extract from the preparation occurred [39]. The results of statistical analysis of the swelling ratio parameters showed that there were significant differences between the four formulas (p<0.05).…”

“…swelling ratio test aims to see the swelling ability of the carrier. The greater and faster the swelling capacity of the carrier, the faster the dissolving time, hence the release of the active ingredient from the dosage form is also faster [28]. The swelling ratio test was carried out by weighing the dry chewable gummy tablet, the preparation was then immersed in 100 ml ± 10 seconds of water to obtain the wet weight.…”

“…The swelling ratio test was carried out by weighing the dry chewable gummy tablet, the preparation was then immersed in 100 ml ± 10 seconds of water to obtain the wet weight. The analysis can be obtained by using this equation [28]:…”

Karakteristik Hidrogel Kitosan pada Variasi Nanoselulosa

“…Hidrogel merupakan jaringan polimer tiga dimensi dengan kemampuan menyerap air pada ruang antar molekul tanpa merubah struktur polimer tersebut (Wivanius & Budianto, 2015). Bahan hidrogel dapat berasal dari polimer alam, sintetik atau kombinasi keduanya yang disintesis melalui reaksi cross-linking.…”

Enhancing Ionic Conductivity of Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Lithium Perchlorate with Crosslinked Citric Acid as Solid Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Polymer Batteries

“…We measured the initial weight (Wi) and dry weight after immersing (Wa) during the process. After that, we calculated all quantities to obtain Degree of Crosslinking (DC) (Wivanius & Budianto, 2015) and Degree of Degradation (DD) (Capanema et al 2018) by using equation ( 1) and (2).…”