Sintering-resistant Cu/B/Ca/Al2O3 catalysts for durable hydrogenation of sec-butyl acetate to 2-butanol and ethanol

Mild and highly selective hydrogenation of cyclohexyl acetate to cyclohexanol over Cu(i) coordinated amino-functionalized poly(ionic liquid)s

“…For the C 1s spectrum, two broad peaks at the binding energies of 285.7 eV and 284.7 eV were assigned to C–N and C–C/C–H in the organic moiety of the PILs-Cu( i ), respectively. 38,39 The binding energies of 199.7 eV and 197.8 eV in the Cl 2p spectrum corresponded to the Cl ions adjacent to the imidazolium cations, and those of 198.5 eV and 197.1 eV were attributed to the Cl ions coordinated with Cu + . 38–41…”

“…38,39 The binding energies of 199.7 eV and 197.8 eV in the Cl 2p spectrum corresponded to the Cl ions adjacent to the imidazolium cations, and those of 198.5 eV and 197.1 eV were attributed to the Cl ions coordinated with Cu + . 38–41…”

“…36,37 In addition, the Cu 2p 3/2 and Cu 2p 1/2 peaks at the binding energies of 955.3 eV and 936.3 eV, respectively, together with two satellite peaks confirmed the presence of a few Cu 2+ species, 38 which could be Cu 2 Cl(OH) 3 derived from the partial oxidation of CuCl. 39 The N 1s spectrum had two deconvoluted peaks at the binding energies of 401.8 eV and 399.9 eV, which were ascribed to N separately in the imidazole ring and the amino group. 37–39 The existence of two types of N fully demonstrated the successful synthesis of the amino-functionalized PILs.…”

“…39 The N 1s spectrum had two deconvoluted peaks at the binding energies of 401.8 eV and 399.9 eV, which were ascribed to N separately in the imidazole ring and the amino group. 37–39 The existence of two types of N fully demonstrated the successful synthesis of the amino-functionalized PILs. For the C 1s spectrum, two broad peaks at the binding energies of 285.7 eV and 284.7 eV were assigned to C–N and C–C/C–H in the organic moiety of the PILs-Cu( i ), respectively.…”

Efficient Synthesis of Cyclohexanol and Ethanol via the Hydrogenation of Acetic Acid‐Derived Cyclohexyl Acetate with the CuxAl1Mn2−x Catalysts

“…CHOL then undergoes dehydrogenation to cyclohexanone and dehydration to cyclohexene, followed by further hydrogenation to cyclohexane. [24] The Cu-based catalysts was applied to CHA hydrogenation in a batch reactor firstly. As displayed in Figure 4A and Table S1, Cu 1 Al 1 showed 69.0 % CHA conversion with 88.9 % selectivity to CHOL and 90.6 % selectivity to ethanol at 2.0 h. Similarly, Cu 1 Mn 1 afforded 73.1 % CHA conversion with 91.9 % selectivity to CHOL and 95.9 % selectivity to ethanol.…”