Sintering Characteristics of Indian Chrome Ore Fines

Nandy, Bikash; Chaudhury, Manoj Kumar; Paul, Jeffrey; Bhattacharjee, D.

doi:10.1007/s11663-009-9268-5

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…jection Many studies [15][16][17][18] were carried out on the effect of mineral composition on the sintering behaviors. It was reported that the mass of liquid phase decreases with decreasing the SiO2 and increasing the MgO, and Al2O3 has less effect on the formation of liquid phase.…”

Section: Effect Of Chemical Composition On Liquidus Pro-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of Liquid Phase Formation during Iron Ores Sintering

Bai

Deng

et al. 2011

ISIJ Int.

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The improvement of industrial parameters like the basicity and sintering temperature and the selection of raw materials to form the acicular calcium ferrites become the hot topic in sintering production. However, the experimental with the sintering pot in the laboratory is still a main method up to now, no effective mathematical model or experience equations were developed. Factsage is a software for thermodynamic calculation in ironmaking and steelmaking. In present study, Factsage was used to calculate the liquid phases formulation during the sintering. The effect of the chemical compositions on the liquidus projection was also discussed. It was found that the content of liquid phase formed is about 25%-70% at 1 250°C due to their chemical composition. The more SiO2, the easier to form liquid phase. The experiments were carried out for the validation. It was found that the calculations of the mass of liquid phase generation cannot give a very good and accurate agreement with the measurement of the melting behavior of the sample quantificationally, however, for the ability of the liquid phase formation during the sintering, the calculations can give a good qualitative results, especially in the temperature of melting begin and the temperature of 50% shrinkage. The calculations reported in this study can be used to estimate the sintering behavior of the iron ores under a certain industrial condition to reduce the extra experiments. The experiments also shows that the calculations by Factsage can give some good explanations on the phenomenon of the melting behavior of different samples.

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Section: Effect Of Chemical Composition On Liquidus Pro-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of Liquid Phase Formation during Iron Ores Sintering

Bai

Deng

et al. 2011

ISIJ Int.

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“…Nandy et al 5) also observed that it was possible to agglomerate chromite ore fines through sintering. Performance study of this sinter in a laboratory-scale EAF showed that the specific power consumption in the melting was comparable with that of the heat-hardened chrome ore pellets and lower than the briquettes and lump ores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, high curing time and use of binder are important concern from process point of view. Nandy et al 5) made cold-bonded chromite briquettes and compared their performance in the EAF with the existing practices of charging lump ore alone or combined charging of fired pellet and lump ore. They found poor performance of these briquettes than the fired pellets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also reported that chromite sinter can reduce the unit electricity consumption by 200-300 kWh/t for smelting due to its more open structure. 5) Zhu Deqing et al 9) studied the sintering of chromite ore fines and the effect of various sintering parameters, and found that the normal sintering process is suitable for the agglomeration of chromium ore fines. They reported a sinter yield of up to 70.6%, a tumbler index of 57.27% of the produced sinter and the incipient formation of 20% molten phase (olivine).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sintering of chromite fines possesses some advantages, such as uniform size distribution in SAF bed and better metallurgical performance in the submerged arc furnace (SAF). Electrical resistivity of chromite sinter at high temperature is much higher 5) and the unit electricity consumption is also lower than lump ore or cold bonded briquettes due to more open structure. In this respect, direct sintering of chromite ore fines in the presence of coke breeze (as in iron ore sintering) may be an alternative, cost-effective process of agglomeration which is likely to be free from the preceding limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Chromite Sinter from Ultra-Fine Chromite Ore by Direct Sintering

2014

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A significant quantity of chromite ore is available in form of fines and is friable in nature. Agglomeration is necessary for utilizing these fines. Briquetting gives green agglomerates with inferior high temperature properties. Pelletization requires further grinding of the naturally available ore fines and the subsequent firing of the green pellets for strength development which make it energy-intensive and complex process. In contrast, sintering can be done directly on the as-received friable chromite ore in the presence of coke breeze (as in case of iron ore sintering), which is likely to be free from the above limitations. In the current work, an optimum combination of temperature, flux (added to increase the relative quantity of molten phase required for sintering) and coke (added as fuel to attain the sintering temperature in a sinter pot) was computed using the thermochemical software, FactSage 6.1 and enthalpy balance calculation. Sintering of a mixture of chromite ore fines and flux with the optimum composition at 1 600°C was carried out in; (i) resistance furnace (100-g scale), without using carbon and (ii) a pot sintering set-up (10-kg scale), using the computed quantity of carbon. A good correlation between experimental result and predicted equilibrium phases has been observed. The characterization of the sinters prepared in pot sintering set-up was done by conducting shatter, tumbler, and abrasion tests, and their phase identifications by XRD and EPMA/EDS. The developed sinter was found to possess adequate handling strength that would be well acceptable to produce ferrochrome in the SAF.

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