Sintering behavior of Cr₂AlC MAX phase synthesized by Spark plasma sintering

Abstract

In the current study, the sintering and mechanical properties of the Cr 2 AlC MAX phase synthesized by Spark plasma sintering at 1000, 1100, and 1200 • C were investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns showed that the synthesis of the Cr 2 AlC MAX phase was associated with the presence of impurities such as Cr 7 C 3 and Al 2 O 3 . On the basis of the FESEM images equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer, the MAX phases had been formed successfully and the length of these layers increased by enhancing the sintering temperature. The results of the density showed that by increasing the temperature, the density increases from 5.10 to 5.33 g/cm 3 and finally decreases to 5.25 g/cm 3 . Vickers hardness method applied to determine the hardness of the samples showed that the hardness decreases from 8.52 to 8.07 GPa for the prepared samples.

Synthesis of new lead‐containing MAX phases of Zr3PbC2 and Hf3PbC2

“…In the magnified images of Figures 3B,E, the nanolaminar characters of Zr 3 PbC 2 and Hf 3 PbC 2 grains are confirmed, which is same to typical MAX phases such as Cr 2 AlC, Ti 2 AlC, Ti 3 AlC 2 , and Ti 3 SiC 2 . 17, 30–35 In addition, the EDS results correspond to the white crosses in Figures 3B,E are shown in Figures 3(C,F), where Zr : Pb = 3 : 1.07 in Zr 3 PbC 2 and Hf : Pb = 3 : 0.941 in Hf 3 PbC 2 are determined. Therefore, the successful synthesis of Zr 3 PbC 2 and Hf 3 PbC 2 was exactly proved.…”

“…In the magnified images of Figures 3B,E, the nanolaminar characters of Zr 3 PbC 2 and Hf 3 PbC 2 grains are confirmed, which is same to typical MAX phases such as Cr 2 AlC, Ti 2 AlC, Ti 3 AlC 2 , and Ti 3 SiC 2 . 17,[30][31][32][33][34][35] In addition, the EDS results correspond to the white crosses in Figures 3B,E As a supplement, we modeled the crystal structure of Zr 3 PbC 2 based on the refined result (Table 1) and calculated its electron diffraction patterns by using the CrystalMaker software, as shown in Figure 4. For brevity, those of Hf 3 PbC 2 are not listed here.…”

Synthesis and characterization of high entropy (TiVNbTaM) 2AlC (M = Zr, Hf) ceramics

“…where R is the molar gas constant, n is the total number of elements, and x i is the concentration of the ith element. Since the research on high-entropy carbides, oxides, borides, etc., have achieved remarkable results [15][16][17], similarly, the MAX phase materials are promising to be designed with high entropy as they can achieve solid solution in M-, A-, and X-sites with a considerable number of potential permutation matrix [18][19][20][21][22][23], and the realization of the MAX phase in multi-component solid solution has been achieved. However, the research on the highentropy (five elements) MAX phase is not progressing very successfully.…”

Microcrystallization Effects Induced by Laser Annealing in Cr-Al-C Ion-Beam-Sputtered Films

“…Films made of Cr-Al-C were investigated for their potential use as absorbers for Q-switched lasers [ 15 ] and for use as shielding components for electromagnetic radiations [ 16 ]. In its bulk form, or subjected to sintering procedures, this system was investigated for other industrial domains [ 17 ]. Some authors studied the effect of changing the synthesis parameters onto the films’ tribology and oxidation behavior [ 18 , 19 , 20 ], while others considered the influence of ion beam annealing onto films of Cr-Al-C [ 21 ].…”