Sintering Analysis of Porous Ti/xTa Alloys Fabricated from Elemental Powders

Macías, R.; Garnica-González, Pedro; Olmos, L.; Jiménez, O.; Chávez, J.; Vazquez, Octavio; Alvarado-Hernández, F.; Arteaga, Dante

doi:10.3390/ma15196548

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This is a very important issue to reduce the "stress shielding" effect generated by the difference in stiffness between bone and metallic implants. β-Ti materials with the addition of Ta, Mo and Zr have shown a reduction in the moduli to values of 55-85 GPa, almost the half of the Ti64 modulus, 110 GPa [7][8][9][10]. Nevertheless, those values remain high in comparison to the reported modulus of human bones 1-28 GPa [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The sintering was achieved at 1260 • C for 1 h, with a cooling rate of 25 • C/min. The sintering temperature was set according to previous works, wherein relative densities higher than 95% were reached for Ti64, Ti and Ti64/xTa composites [10,14,22,23]. The thermal cycles were performed under inert argon atmosphere.…”

Section: Dilatometry Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, those values remain high in comparison to the reported modulus of human bones 1-28 GPa [2]. In addition to lower mechanical strength, β-Ti alloys exhibit better corrosion resistance than α-Ti and α + β alloys [9,11], with the possibility of developing martensitic type transformations β → α or β → α" [10,12]. These characteristics give the shape memory behavior and superelasticity, which will favor their application in the biomedical field [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Analyzing the Sintering Kinetics of Ti12.5Ta12.5Nb Alloy Produced by Powder Metallurgy

Macias,

Garnica,

Fernandez-Salvador

et al. 2023

Metals

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The focus of this work is to analyze the sintering kinetics of Ti12.5Ta12.5Nb alloy by dilatometry. The mixture of powders was achieved by mixing individual powders of Ti, Ta and Nb, which were then axially pressed. Sintering was performed at 1260 °C using different heating rates. The microstructure was determined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that densification is achieved by solid state diffusion and that the relative density increased as the heating rate was slow. Due to the full solubility of Ta and Nb in Ti, the relative density reached was up to 93% for all samples. Activation energy was estimated from the densification rate and it was determined that two main diffusion mechanisms were predominant: grain boundary and lattice self-diffusion. This suggests that Ta and Nb diffusion did not affect the atomic diffusion to form the necks between particles. The microstructure shows a combination of α, β and α′, and α″ martensitic phases as a result of the diffusion of Ta and Nb into the Ti unit cell. It was concluded that the heating rate plays a major role in the diffusion of Ta and Nb during sintering, which affects the resulting microstructure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Dilatometry Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Analyzing the Sintering Kinetics of Ti12.5Ta12.5Nb Alloy Produced by Powder Metallurgy

Macias,

Garnica,

Fernandez-Salvador

et al. 2023

Metals

Self Cite

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Biomimetic Porous Ti6Al4V Implants: A Novel Interbody Fusion Cage via Gel‐Casting Technique to Promote Spine Fusion

Dou,

Liu,

Liu

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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An interbody fusion cage (Cage) is crucial in spinal decompression and fusion procedures for restoring normal vertebral curvature and rebuilding spinal stability. Currently, these Cages suffer from issues related to mismatched elastic modulus and insufficient bone integration capability. Therefore, a gel‐casting technique is utilized to fabricate a biomimetic porous titanium alloy material from Ti6Al4V powder. The biomimetic porous Ti6Al4V is compared with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and 3D‐printed Ti6Al4V materials and their respective Cages. Systematic validation is performed through mechanical testing, in vitro cell, in vivo rabbit bone defect implantation, and ovine anterior cervical discectomy and fusion experiments to evaluate the mechanical and biological performance of the materials. Although all three materials demonstrate good biocompatibility and osseointegration properties, the biomimetic porous Ti6Al4V, with its excellent mechanical properties and a structure closely resembling bone trabecular tissue, exhibited superior bone ingrowth and osseointegration performance. Compared to the PEEK and 3D‐printed Ti6Al4V Cages, the biomimetic porous Ti6Al4V Cage outperforms in terms of intervertebral fusion performance, achieving excellent intervertebral fusion without the need for bone grafting, thereby enhancing cervical vertebra stability. This biomimetic porous Ti6Al4V Cage offers cost‐effectiveness, presenting significant potential for clinical applications in spinal surgery.

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In Situ Fabrication of Ti-xNb Alloys by Conventional Powder Metallurgy

Macias,

Garnica González,

Olmos

et al. 2024

Coatings

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The present study shows the effect of Nb on a Ti matrix to fabricate composites via the conventional powder metallurgy for medical applications. Ti powder mixture compacts with different Nb contents were obtained from the conventional pressing and sintering technique. The sintering behavior was evaluated using the dilatometry technique, and the microstructure was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XDR). The mechanical properties were obtained from simple compression tests, and the corrosion resistance was determined from a standard three-electrode arrangement in Hank’s solution. The results showed that the Nb in the Ti matrix limits the evolution of sintering depending on the Nb content. Nb slightly accelerates the phase transition temperature. The microstructure and X-rays revealed that biphasic α + β-Ti structures can be obtained, in addition to retaining the β-Ti phase and forming the martensitic phases α′ and α″ of Ti. Likewise, the mechanical behavior showed a Young’s modulus of 10–45 GPa, which is close to that reported for human bones. Furthermore, the circuit analysis revealed that the Ti-Nb sintered systems were conditioned by the surface oxide layer and that the oxide layer formed within the residual pores of the sintering process. Finally, it was demonstrated that adding Nb to the Ti matrix increases the corrosion resistance and that contents close to 15 wt.% of this element have the best results.

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Sintering Analysis of Porous Ti/xTa Alloys Fabricated from Elemental Powders

Cited by 3 publications

References 60 publications

Analyzing the Sintering Kinetics of Ti12.5Ta12.5Nb Alloy Produced by Powder Metallurgy

Analyzing the Sintering Kinetics of Ti12.5Ta12.5Nb Alloy Produced by Powder Metallurgy

Biomimetic Porous Ti6Al4V Implants: A Novel Interbody Fusion Cage via Gel‐Casting Technique to Promote Spine Fusion

In Situ Fabrication of Ti-xNb Alloys by Conventional Powder Metallurgy

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