Sintered dicalcium pyrophosphate treatment attenuates estrogen deficiency-associated disc degeneration in ovariectomized rats

Abstract

BackgroundEstrogen deficiency is associated with musculoskeletal disorders. Sintered dicalcium pyrophosphate (SDCP) is a novel antiosteoporotic agent. In this study, we examined its use for restoration of bone quality and attenuation of disc degeneration in ovariectomy rats.MethodsSixty female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely sham group undergoing sham surgery, ovariectomy (OVX) group receiving an equivalent volume of isotonic sodium chloride solution, and OVX/SDCP group orally administered with 0.25 mg/mL SDCP. Animals were sacrificed at 3 and 6 months post ovariectomy and lumbar vertebrae and intervertebral discs were harvested. Bone mineral density, micro-computed tomography analysis, and biomechanical testing were performed to assess bone quality. Histological analysis with hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue, and Masson’s trichrome stain were conducted to determine disc degeneration. Immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR were carried out to measure the expressions of aggrecan, type I collagen, type II collagen, and MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13.ResultsSDCP improved bone quality as observed by the results of increased bone mineral density and stiffness in OVX rats. The improvement in disc degeneration induced by estrogen withdrawal was associated with reduced gene expressions of MMPs and increased production of collagen type II.ConclusionSDCP prevents osteoporosis and ameliorates disc degeneration in OVX rats. It represents a favorable therapeutic agent for osteoporotic and osteoarthritic conditions in clinical practice.

Raloxifene retards the progression of adjacent segmental intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting apoptosis of nucleus pulposus in ovariectomized rats

“…Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone mass, bone microstructure destruction, and high fracture risk, which is more common in postmenopausal women. Some studies have confirmed that osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency can accelerate IVDD [ 20 , 21 ]. For the simulation of this population, we performed OVX surgery to create a model of ASDD with osteoporosis in rats.…”