Sinterability, crystallization and properties of glass–ceramic tiles belonging to CaF2–CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 system

Sintering and reactive crystal growth of diopside–albite glass–ceramics from waste glass

“…Although Ni and Ti metal crystal powders can provide the heterogeneous nuclei for the devitrification of the soda-lime glass, they cannot induce the crystallization of the glass because they are not in favor of the breakdown of glass network. 24,25 Mg 2+ cation is a modified species, 8,26 while it diffuses from the promoters to the glass during sintering, the local Mg concentration in the glass around the promoters was richer, which would decrease the viscosity of glass, lead to the breakdown of glass network and enhance the tendency of glass crystallization. 26,27 At same time, Ca 2+ and Na + cations diffuse also from the glass to the promoters, which would make the promoters transform into the nuclei of diopside and albite according to the following schematic equations: …”

Crystallization and sinterability of glass-ceramics in the system La2O3–SrO–B2O3

“…The specific properties of these ceramics materials recommend glass-ceramics for numerous applications [1,2]. Glass-ceramics can be formed from the bulk glass through the processes of controlled nucleation and crystallization by adequate heat treatment.…”

Fluoride recovery using porous calcium silicate hydrates via spontaneous Ca2+ and OH− release

“…However, there is no report about fluoride recovery by CSH. The pH value of fluoride wastewater is in the range of 2.5-6.5, and the optimal pH condition of formation of calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) is in the range of 6.5-7.5 [16]. from unlimitedly available, inexpensive materials such as soluble sodium silicate and CaO.…”