Sinonasal malignancies: A population‐based analysis of site‐specific incidence and survival

Abstract

4.

Education and insurance status: Impact on treatment and survival of sinonasal cancer patients

“…They arise from the sinonasal surface epithelium and are most commonly squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA) (50%–60%) . They occur in the nasal cavity most frequently and least frequently in the frontal sinus . Risk factors include age, race, alcohol and tobacco use, environmental exposures, and human papillomavirus infection .…”

“…Risk factors include age, race, alcohol and tobacco use, environmental exposures, and human papillomavirus infection . These cancers affect white patients more commonly and occur twice as frequently in men rather than women . Presentation is usually at late, symptomatic stages, contributing to high mortality rates (5‐year survival of 30%–40%) .…”

“…The gold standard for treatment involves surgical resection with adjuvant radiotherapy. If total resection is limited by proximity to the orbit and skull base, chemotherapy is often used . Prior studies have shown, however, that outcomes in head and neck cancers as a whole are effected not only by treatment, but also by other factors such as age, race, socioeconomic status (SES), alcohol and tobacco use, stage of disease, and anatomic site of origin …”

Prognostic survival value of retropharyngeal lymph node involvement in sinonasal tumors: A retrospective, descriptive, and exploratory study

“…Most sinuses are anatomically concealed and the first tumor symptoms are often unspecific. Depending on the site of incidence, sinonasal tumor diagnosis is, therefore, often delayed resulting in poor prognosis …”

Case report: HPV‐related carcinoma with adenoid cystic‐like features of the sinonasal tract

“…However, risk factors for development of sinonasal carcinoma are controversial, and unlike oropharyngeal cancer, tobacco smoking is not considered a prominent etiologic agent in the development of sinonasal tract malignancy. On the whole, sinonasal carcinoma appears to have an increased prevalence in Caucasians, confers a relatively low 5‐year disease‐specific survival (53.7%), and most commonly presents as squamous cell carcinoma (41.9%) . Interestingly, in HPV‐related carcinoma with ACC‐like features, the microcystic spaces, vague tumor spindling, and biphasic tumor cells more closely resemble salivary gland carcinoma than conventional HPV‐related squamous cell carcinoma …”