Sinobronchial Allergic Mycosis

Venarske, Daniel; deShazo, Richard D.

doi:10.1378/chest.121.5.1670

Cited by 74 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) is similar in presentation to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), which is typically seen in patients with asthma or cystic fibrosis (5,658). There is a suggestion that allergic fungal sinusitis and allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis may actually be a continuum of disease and should be referred to as sinobronchial allergic mycosis (SAM) (771). Criteria for the diagnosis of ABPA in patients with asthma include (i) asthma, (ii) positive skin test for fungal allergens, (iii) elevated IgE levels, (iv) Aspergillus-specific IgE, and (v) proximal bronchiectasis (5).…”

Section: Phaeohyphomycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanized Fungi in Human Disease

2010

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SUMMARY Melanized or dematiaceous fungi are associated with a wide variety of infectious syndromes. Many are soil organisms and are generally distributed worldwide, though certain species appear to have restricted geographic ranges. Though they are uncommon causes of disease, melanized fungi have been increasingly recognized as important pathogens, with most reports occurring in the past 20 years. The spectrum of diseases with which they are associated has also broadened and includes allergic disease, superficial and deep local infections, pneumonia, brain abscess, and disseminated infection. For some infections in immunocompetent individuals, such as allergic fungal sinusitis and brain abscess, they are among the most common etiologic fungi. Melanin is a likely virulence factor for these fungi. Diagnosis relies on careful microscopic and pathological examination, as well as clinical assessment of the patient, as these fungi are often considered contaminants. Therapy varies depending upon the clinical syndrome. Local infection may be cured with excision alone, while systemic disease is often refractory to therapy. Triazoles such as voriconazole, posaconazole, and itraconazole have the most consistent in vitro activity. Further studies are needed to better understand the pathogenesis and optimal treatment of these uncommon infections.

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Section: Phaeohyphomycosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanized Fungi in Human Disease

2010

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“…Involvement of airborne fungi in allergic respiratory diseases, such as allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis, allergic rhinosinusitis, eosinophilic pneumonia, or deteriorated factor of bronchial asthma, has been reported [15][16][17]. Sensitization against ascomycetes, particularly Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Candida, and Trichophyton, is well known as a cause of severe asthma or deterioration factor of asthma [18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time PCR Detection of the Basidiomycetous Fungus <b><i>Bjerkandera adusta</i></b>: A Tool to Identify Itraconazole Responder Patients with Unexplained Chronic Cough

et al. 2018

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Background: Filamentous basidiomycetes (f-BMs) are involved in some unexplained chronic cough (UCC) cases that can be improved by the administration of antifungal agents. The disease concept was termed fungus-associated chronic cough (FACC). The current diagnostic criteria warrant environmental fungi isolation from respiratory specimens, which is hardly conceivable for such fungi. Objectives: This study aimed to detect the f-BMs Bjerkandera adusta, the most common pathogen in FACC, from respiratory specimens of patients with UCC using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It also evaluated the applicability of the PCR system to detect antifungal agent responders among patients with unexplained cough. Methods: The PCR system specific to B. adusta was developed and its utility was evaluated using sputum samples from 23 patients with chronic cough. Results: B. adusta was detected in 10 out of 14 patients with UCC (71.4%), in contrast to only 2 out of 9 patients with non-UCC (22.2%; p < 0.05 with the Fisher’s exact test). The copy number of the samples correlated with the therapeutic impact score for cough symptoms following the oral administration of itraconazole. Conclusion: Development of the real-time PCR system enabled us to demonstrate that many patients with UCC might be influenced by B. adusta, a fact evidenced by the improvement of symptoms with itraconazole administration in most PCR-positive patients. This method would help in detecting itraconazole responders among patients with UCC when the isolation of f-BMs is not achievable.

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“…On the basis of the positive result of allergological tests, all of the five criteria for AFS were satisfied Venarske and deShazo recommended that the clinicians should routinely consider the diagnosis of SAM in patients who have either AFS or ABPM (6). In diagnosing ABPM which merged AFS, it is almost impossible to distinguish precisely the sputum samples from post nasal drip and to separate the allergological reactions that arise in the upper airways and lower airways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore also likely that concomitant AFS and ABPM may sometimes exist in the same patient, thereby suggesting that the same process of fungal hypersensitivity occurs in the upper and lower airways. Venarske and deShazo termed this process SAM, an acronym for "sinobronchial allergic mycosis" (6). Patients with SAM have chronic sinusitis involving multiple sinuses, asthma, immediate cutaneous reactivity to fungal allergens, peripheral eosinophilia, and radiographic evidence of bronchiectasis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Sinobronchial Allergic Mycosis; Possibility of Basidiomycetous Fungi as a Causative Antigen

et al. 2011

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We herein report a case of sinobronchial allergic mycosis (SAM) caused by basidiomycetous (BM) fungi (probably Phanerochaete velutina). The patient with bronchial asthma that accompanied allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) fulfilled all 6 criteria for diagnosing SAM. In this case, the BM fungus may act as an allergen, reacting continually in both the upper and lower respiratory tract. The antifungal drug (itraconazole 50 mg/ day) seemed to achieve a partial response. Basidiomycetous fungi may attract attention because of the possibility as a causative antigen in this new clinical concept of SAM.

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Sinobronchial Allergic Mycosis

Cited by 74 publications

References 26 publications

Melanized Fungi in Human Disease

Melanized Fungi in Human Disease

Real-Time PCR Detection of the Basidiomycetous Fungus <b><i>Bjerkandera adusta</i></b>: A Tool to Identify Itraconazole Responder Patients with Unexplained Chronic Cough

A Case of Sinobronchial Allergic Mycosis; Possibility of Basidiomycetous Fungi as a Causative Antigen

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