Sinkage and trim of two ships passing each other on parallel courses

Gourlay, Tim

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2009.06.003

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Tuck (1964Tuck ( , 1966Tuck ( , 1967, Beck et al (1975), Newman and Tuck (1974), Yeung (1978), Yeung and Tan's (1980) approaches are within the framework of the slender ship assumption. Due to its high efficiency and fairly good prediction, it is still adopted in some recent works (Gourlay, 2008;Gourlay, 2009). The limitation of this 2D method is very obvious.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship Hydrodynamics in Confined Waterways

Yuan

2019

Journal of Ship Research

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The hydrodynamic performance of a vessel is highly dependent on its manoeuvring waterways. The existence of the banks and bottom, as well as the presence of the other vessels, could have a significant influence on a ship's hydrodynamic behaviour. In confined waterways, many researchers suspect the applicability of the classical potential flow method due to its nonviscous and irrotational assumption. The main objective of the present paper is to improve and develop the boundary value problem (BVP) of a potential flow method and validate its feasibility in predicting the hydrodynamic behaviour of ships advancing in confined waterways. The methodology used in the present paper is a 3D boundary element method (BEM) based on a Rankine type Green function. The numerical simulations are performed by using the in-house developed multi-body hydrodynamic interaction programme MHydro. The waves and forces (or moments) are calculated when ships are manoeuvring in shallow and narrow channels, when ships are entering locks, or when two ships are encountering or passing each other. These calculations are compared with the benchmark test data published in MASHCON (Lataire et al., 2009; Vantorre et al., 2012), as well as the published CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) results. It has been found that the free-surface elevation, lateral force and roll moment can be well predicted in ship-bank and ship-bottom problems. However, the potential flow solver fails to predict the sign of the yaw moment due to the cross-flow effect. When a ship is entering a lock, the return flow effect has to be considered. By adding a proper return flow velocity to the boundary value problem, the modified potential flow solver could predict the resistance and lateral forces very well. However, it fails to predict the yaw moment due to the flow separation at the lock entrance. The potential flow method is very reliable in predicting the ship-ship problem. The resistance and lateral force, as well as the yaw moment, can be predicted well by using the potential flow method.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship Hydrodynamics in Confined Waterways

Yuan

2019

Journal of Ship Research

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“…His method took the Kutta condition on the aft part of the hull into consideration and improved the computational effort, but it heavily underestimated the sway forces and yaw moments in the most interesting case of a small separation between the hulls. Yeung's method was extended by Gourlay (2009) to calculate the sinkage and trim of two ships during an overtaking manoeuvre. Numerical calculations showed that the maximum bow, stern and LCF sinkage in an overtaking manoeuvre were very similar to the case of ships passing from opposing directions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ship-to-Ship Interaction During Overtaking Operation in Shallow Water

Yuan¹,

He²,

Kellett³

et al. 2015

Journal of Ship Research

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Hydrodynamic interaction continues to be a major contributory factor in marine casualties and hazardous incidents, in particular in the case of overtaking operations. The situation becomes even worse when the overtaking operation occurs in shallow and narrow channels where the interaction can cause the vessels to collide and, in one case has caused the capsizal of the smaller vessel with loss of life. The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology, as well as to discuss the development of a numerical program, to predict the ship-to-ship interaction during overtaking operations in shallow water.Since the vessels involved in the present study have different forward speeds, an uncoupled method will be used to solve the boundary value problem. The in-house multi-body hydrodynamic interaction program MHydro, which is based on the 3D Rankine source method, will be used and extended here to investigate the interactive forces and wave patterns between two ships during an overtaking operation.The present calculations are compared with model test results as well as published CFD calculations.Very satisfactory agreement has been obtained, which indicates that the proposed methodology and developed program are successfully validated to predict the hydrodynamic interaction between two ships advancing in confined waters. The discussions also highlight the speed effects.

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“…Ship stability problems may arise due to many aspects, as the cargo distribution or even the craft project itself. Vessel traffic management systems (Ince and Topuz, 2004) is important in waterways operation, reducing the effect of the traffic in the ship stability (Gourlay, 2009). Complementarily, Briggs et al (2003) developed a method for assessing the probability of a ship accident for various channel geometries and depths for different environmental conditions of wind, waves, and currents.…”

Section: Modeling Ship Motionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Vessel–Current Interaction Model for Inland Waterways Assessment

Frigo

Zentgraf

Bleninger

2019

J. Waterway, Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng.

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Brazilian waterways link the interior of South America to industrial regions and coastal deep-water ports in Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay, enabling the efficient flow of raw material as grain and ore. Nevertheless, the potential of the inland waterborne transport in the country is not fully explored. One of the main factors contributing to this scenario is the lack of specific research, field surveys, and operational methods. The navigation is mostly performed using few data (e.g. bathymetric data), which is not consistent with modern, competitive and safe waterways. This work analyzes hydrodynamic modeling and operational methods used worldwide and applied to navigation. It was identified that few methods for inland waterway navigability assessment in Brazil are used; they are sparse on specific problems and the methods used are often concepts of marine navigation and approach channels. This thesis presents a survey in how to assess the navigability capacity of rivers by a 2D fast-time vessel-current interaction model. The developed model uses Eulerian flows and a Lagrangian ship tracking approach, coupling river features (e.g. velocity field) and ship characteristics (e.g. dimension, maneuverability), calculating the resultant linear and angular momentum, thus measuring the ship motion at critical points for navigation. The German section of the Rhine River was used for the model verification and the Brazilian stretch of the Paraguay River as case study. Field measurements are necessary as input data and were processed to determine the navigation potential of rivers. According to the results, the model was able to reproduce satisfactorily the navigation of ships on the Rhine River. Then, studies of critical regions for navigation in the Paraguay River were carried out. It was possible to analyze the influence of parameters of vessels and channels that most impact the navigation capacity, such as the velocity, mass, and curvature radius. Therefore, one can use the model results for decision making policies to optimize the design and management of inland waterways.

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Sinkage and trim of two ships passing each other on parallel courses

Cited by 16 publications

References 6 publications

Ship Hydrodynamics in Confined Waterways

Ship Hydrodynamics in Confined Waterways

Ship-to-Ship Interaction During Overtaking Operation in Shallow Water

Two-Dimensional Vessel–Current Interaction Model for Inland Waterways Assessment

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