Sinigrin attenuates angiotensin II‑induced kidney injury by inactivating nuclear factor‑κB and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase signaling in vivo and in vitro

Abstract

The present study investigated the function of sinigrin in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced renal damage. The results demonstrated that systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (dBP) were increased in Ang II-challenged rats, and sinigrin treatment inhibited their increase. The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (ScR) were increased by Ang II in the rats, and these were reversed by sinigrin in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the Ang II-induced elevation of urinary protein levels was inhibited by sinigrin treatment. Glomerular basement membrane thickness and EcM degradation markers, such as collagen I, collagen IV and fibronectin, were suppressed by sinigrin in the Ang II-challenged rats. Moreover, the levels of inflammatory regulators, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (McP-1), were reduced following sinigrin treatment of the Ang II-challenged rats and in Ang II-exposed proximal tubule epithelial cells. Furthermore, the superoxide dismutase (SOd) and catalase (cAT) levels were downregulated, whereas the malondialdehyde (MdA) levels were upregulated by Ang II; these effects were reversed by sinigrin treatment in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, sinigrin inhibited the Ang II-induced phosphorylation of ERK, p65 and IκBα. Thus, sinigrin attenuated Ang II-induced renal injury by inactivating ERK and NF-κB signaling. Sinigrin may thus prove to be a potential candidate for the treatment of hypertension-induced kidney damage.

Soybean-derived antihypertensive hydrolysates attenuate Ang II-induced renal damage by modulating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways

“…29,30 Although the complex relationship hypertension and renal dysfunction is still under debate, kidney damage is certainly a crucial complication of hypertension, accompanied by a severe inflammatory response, oxidative stress, kidney hypertropia, extracellular matrix accumulation, etc. 11 Mechanistically, various cytokines such as angiotensin II (Ang II) from the excessive active renin-angiotensin system (RAS) should be considered the culprit of hypertensive kidney damage. 28 Soybean-derived hydrolysates were demon-strated to attenuate blood pressure by mediating the serum exosome-derived miRNA-19b/CYLD/TRAF6 axis in the vascular microenvironment of SHRs in our previous study.…”

“…A recent study on the function of sinigrin in Ang II-induced renal damage indicated that the levels of serum BUN and creatinine increased by Ang II in rats, which were reversed by sinigrin in a dose-dependent manner. 11 Mechanistically, sinigrin attenuated the Ang II-induced kidney damage by mediating oxidative stress and inflammation in the rats, which was related to the ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Hence, we further analyzed the renal pathology, inflammation factors (including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), and redox reaction in the WKY and SHR groups.…”

“…10 Recent studies suggested that natural products exhibit great potential for ameliorating renal injury. 11,12 Food protein-derived peptides have been considered outstanding candidates to alleviate hypertension owing to their excellent physiological regulation activities. [13][14][15] Another study reported that the collagen peptide Phe-Leu-Ala-Pro (FLAP) could attenuate kidney injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation in carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-induced mice, probably by influencing the Nrf2/anti-response element (ARE) and PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathways.…”

Determination of Analgesic Potential of Ethanolic Extract of Brassica campestris Leaves in Rats

“…[35,36,40] Folkloric literature and some published studies also demonstrate the antinociceptive and analgesic potential of the members of the Brassicaceae family. [26,[29][30][31]41] Although B. campestris is widely utilized in folk medicine all over the world, the antinociceptive effects of this plant have not yet been fully elucidated. The studies of plant species that are conventionally used for the relief of pain are still elusive and used as logical research strategies to investigate novel analgesic compounds.…”

“…[28] Several studies conducted to characterize the pharmacological activities of sinigrin have demonstrated its potential anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and bio fumigation properties. [29][30][31] Brassica juncea, (also known as Indian mustard), is enriched in redox-active polyphenols with antidiabetic activities. [32][33] A study was conducted to determine the antinociceptive and anti-hyperglycemic potential of methanol extract of Brassica juncea in Swiss albino mice.…”