Single versus triple dose antimicrobial prophylaxis in elective abdominal surgery and the impact on bacterial ecology

Antimicrobial prophylaxis in colorectal surgery: a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

“…None of these trials found a significant difference in postoperative SWI between single-dose and multiple-dose regimens. The antibiotics that were investigated in these trials were cefoxitin, 38,81 cefuroxime plus metronidazole, 14 metronidazole, 34 ampicillin plus metronidazole, 69,74 co-amoxiclav, 23 latamoxef, 60 mezlocillin plus metronidazole, 27,58,98 ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, 40 cefotaxime plus metronidazole, 81 gentamicin plus ornidazole, 154 piperacillin plus tinidazole, 148 doxycycline, 54 and cefotaxime. 88 When the results from these 17 trials were pooled, there was no significant difference between the single-and multiple-dose groups (10.6% versus 9.7%; odds ratio = 1.17; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.54).…”

What is the Short-Term Effect of a Dose of Antibiotics on Gut Microbiota in Thyroid Cancer Patients After Surgery? An Observational Clinical Study

“…So no dramatic shifts of gut microbiota might be based on the routine fluctuations in community composition across a one month collecting period in our study. Other factors such as host genetics [46], environment and age [44] and surgery [4,27] might not be ignored. The fact that all the patients had no kinship and different professions might result in the inter-individual differences.…”

“…As previous reports have focused on the change of gut microbiota in gastrointestinal surgery [20,26,27], little is known regarding the response of the microbiome of antibiotic pro- to samples based on barcode matches.…”

Perioperative antimicrobials: Should we be concerned about antimicrobial drug use in equine surgical patients?

“…Surgical site infection rates have been compared in human patients undergoing various clean‐contaminated or contaminated procedures. With all of these studies, there has been no difference in infection rates with short duration prophylaxis (typically a single dose at the time of surgery) vs. a more prolonged duration (at the time of surgery followed by multiple doses post operatively) and, in fact, several studies showed no benefit to prophylactic antimicrobial drug use at all . Human patients undergoing elective surgery for rectal cancer receiving a single i.v.…”