Single-Use Plastics in the Food Services Industry: Can It Be Sustainable?

Tan, Jovan; Tiwari, Sandeep; Ramakrishna, Seeram

doi:10.1007/s42824-021-00019-1

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…For example, if the lignocellulosic biomass is used as a feedstock for biofuel production lines, then the overall aim of such pretreatments would be a high removal rate of lignin, known for its inhibitory effect [ 35 ]. Consequently, the use of relatively harsh conditions for removing lignin is accompanied by removing hemicelluloses [ 36 ]. Alternatively, suppose the objective of the biomass processing technology includes the potential recovery of hemicelluloses and of the remaining cellulosic fibers material for the production of papermaking pulp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Alkaline Extraction of Xylan-Based Hemicelluloses from Wheat Straws: Effects of Microwave, Ultrasound, and Freeze–Thaw Cycles

et al. 2023

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The alkaline extraction of hemicelluloses from a mixture of three varieties of wheat straw (containing 40.1% cellulose, 20.23% xylan, and 26.2% hemicellulose) was analyzed considering the following complementary pre-treatments: freeze–thaw cycles, microwaves, and ultrasounds. The two cycles freeze–thaw approach was selected based on simplicity and energy savings for further analysis and optimization. Experiments planned with Design Expert were performed. The regression model determined through the response surface methodology based on the severity factor (defined as a function of time and temperature) and alkali concentration as variables was then used to optimize the process in a multi-objective case considering the possibility of further use for pulping. To show the properties and chemical structure of the separated hemicelluloses, several analytical methods were used: high-performance chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry analysis (TG, DTG), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The verified experimental optimization result indicated the possibility of obtaining hemicelluloses material containing 3.40% glucan, 85.51% xylan, and 7.89% arabinan. The association of hot alkaline extraction with two freeze–thaw cycles allows the partial preservation of the hemicellulose polymeric structure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Alkaline Extraction of Xylan-Based Hemicelluloses from Wheat Straws: Effects of Microwave, Ultrasound, and Freeze–Thaw Cycles

et al. 2023

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“…However, plastic cannot be naturally degraded. Plastic is a single-use non-biodegradable packaging material that is disposed of, emitting greenhouse gases and posing potential environmental concerns to human health [22]. Therefore, plastic packaging needs to be replaced with biodegradable alternatives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Antimicrobial Composite Edible Film Formulated from Fermented Cheese Whey and Cassava Peel Starch

et al. 2022

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Antimicrobial composite edible film can be a solution for environmentally friendly food packaging, which can be made from fermented cheese whey containing an antimicrobial agent and cassava peel waste that contains starch. The research aims to determine the formulation of fermented cheese whey and cassava peel waste starch, resulting in an antimicrobial composite edible film with the best physical, mechanical, and water vapour permeability (WVP) properties, as well as with high antimicrobial activity. This research was conducted using experimental methods with nine composite edible film formulation treatments with three replications. Three variations in the fermented cheese whey and cassava peel starch ratio (v/v) (1:3, 1:1, 3:1) were combined with variations in the addition of glycerol (20%, 33%, 45%) (w/w) in the production of the composite edible film. Then, the physical characteristics such as elongation at break, tensile strength, WVP, colour, and antimicrobial effect of its film-forming solution were observed. The results showed that 24 h of whey fermentation with Candida tropicalis resulted in an 18.50 mm inhibition zone towards Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The best characteristic of the film was obtained from the formulation of a whey:starch ratio of 1:3 and 33% glycerol, which resulted in a thickness value of 0.21 mm, elongation at break of 19.62%, tensile strength of 0.81 N/mm2, WVP of 3.41 × 10−10·g/m·s·Pa at a relative humidity (RH) of 100%–35%, and WVP of 9.84 × 10−10·g/m·s·Pa at a RH of 75%–35%, with an antimicrobial activity towards P. aeruginosa of 5.11 mm.

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“…Similar to the ubiquity of plastic in our ecosystem and its associated effects [22], if EOL PVMs are not responsibly managed, it will result in pollution across our terrestrial ecosystem. This could indirectly encourage continuous mining and extraction of Earth's finite resources and diminish the net environmental benefit of harvesting solar energy.…”

Section: Solar Photovoltaic Systems and The Circular Economymentioning

confidence: 99%

End-of-Life Photovoltaic Modules

2022

Self Cite

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More than 78 million tons of photovoltaic modules (PVMs) will reach their end of life (EOL) by 2050. If they are not responsibly managed, they can (a) pollute our terrestrial ecosystem, (b) indirectly encourage continuous mining and extraction of Earth’s finite resources, and (c) diminish the net environmental benefit of harvesting solar energy. Conversely, successfully recovering them could reduce resource extraction and waste and generate sufficient economic return and value to finance the production of another 2 billion PVMs by 2050. Therefore, EOL PVMs must participate in the circular economy, and business and political leaders are actively devising strategies to enable their participation. This article aims to facilitate and expedite their efforts by comprehensively reviewing and presenting the latest progress and developments in EOL PVM recovery methods and processes. It also identifies and thoroughly discusses several interrelated observations that impede or accelerate their efforts. Overall, our approach to this article differs but synergistically complements and builds upon existing life cycle assessment-based (LCA-based) contributions.

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Single-Use Plastics in the Food Services Industry: Can It Be Sustainable?

Cited by 17 publications

References 52 publications

Optimization of Alkaline Extraction of Xylan-Based Hemicelluloses from Wheat Straws: Effects of Microwave, Ultrasound, and Freeze–Thaw Cycles

Optimization of Alkaline Extraction of Xylan-Based Hemicelluloses from Wheat Straws: Effects of Microwave, Ultrasound, and Freeze–Thaw Cycles

Characterization of Antimicrobial Composite Edible Film Formulated from Fermented Cheese Whey and Cassava Peel Starch

End-of-Life Photovoltaic Modules

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