Single-strand regions of poly(G) act as templates for oligo(C) synthesis

Rembold, Hansjörg; Orgel, Leslie E.

doi:10.1007/bf00176082

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…3). The efficiency of the reaction decreased as the length of the primer increased, but the effect was much less pronounced than with a poly(G) template (Rembold and Orgel 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…We repeated these reactions using the same primers with a poly(cTG) template. In each 213 case incorporation of C residues was more efficient than the corresponding reaction on a poly(G) template (Rembold and Orgel 1993). In the case of (pdC)4rC and (pdC)sPC almost all of the starting material reacted, and products containing up to 12 added C residues could be detected (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…We have previously shown that a pentanucleotide consisting of four deoxyC residues followed by one riboC residue ((pdC)4PrC) and longer oligomers of deoxyC terminated by a ribonucleotide can be extended on a poly(G) template, but not beyond the decamer (Rembold and Orgel 1993). We repeated these reactions using the same primers with a poly(cTG) template.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Published procedures were used in studying the template-directed reactions of G analogues on a poly(C) template (Joyce et al 1984) and the extension of an internal primer in a hairpin oligonucleotide (Wu and Orgel 1992a,b). The extension of an oligo(C) primer on poly(cTG) used methods that we described in a recent paper (Rembold and Orgel 1993). Reaction mixtures were digested with ribonuclease Tj, prior to gel electrophoresis or treatment with alkaline phosphatase.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, aggregation of oligo(G)s and poly(G) to form tetrahelices (Saenger 1984) prevents the synthesis of long oligo(C)s from short oligo(C) primers on poly(G) (Rembold and Orgel 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Polycytidylate and poly(7-deazaguanylate): A pair of complementary templates

Rembold

Robins²,

Seela

et al. 1994

J Mol Evol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We have studied the template-directed oligomerization on polycytidylic acid of the 5'-phosphoro(2-methyl)imidazolides of a number of analogues of guanosine. None of the analogues reacted as efficiently as the original guanosine compound, and only the 7-deazaguanosine analogue gives a detectable yield of oligomers. Similar results are described for a reaction involving the intramolecular template-directed elongation of a short oligocytidylate primer.Oligocytidylates containing five or more cytidylate residues are extended on the single-stranded regions of poly(G). In the present study we show that these oligo~ cytidylates are extended efficiently by reaction with cytidine-5'-phosphoro(2-methyl)imidazolide on a poly(7-deazaguanylic acid) template. The products are considerably longer than those obtained using a polyguanylic acid template. We believe that the formation of a tetrahelix inhibits the latter reaction, while poly(7-deazaguanylate) does not aggregate and, therefore, acts as a more efficient template. This work identifies for the first time a pair of homopolymers each of which facilitates the template-directed elongation of the other.

show abstract

“…3). The efficiency of the reaction decreased as the length of the primer increased, but the effect was much less pronounced than with a poly(G) template (Rembold and Orgel 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, aggregation of oligo(G)s and poly(G) to form tetrahelices (Saenger 1984) prevents the synthesis of long oligo(C)s from short oligo(C) primers on poly(G) (Rembold and Orgel 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Polycytidylate and poly(7-deazaguanylate): A pair of complementary templates

Rembold

Robins²,

Seela

et al. 1994

J Mol Evol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Preference for Internucleotide Linkages as a Function of the Number of Constituents in a Mixture

Kanavarioti

1998

J Mol Evol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phosphoimidazolide-activated ribomononucleotides (*pN; see Scheme I) are useful substrates for the nonenzymatic synthesis of oligonucleotides. In the presence of metal ions dilute neutral aqueous solutions of *pN (0.01 M) typically yield only small amounts of dimers and traces of oligomers; most of *pN hydrolyzes to yield nucleoside 5'-monophosphate (5'NMP). An earlier investigation of *pN reactions in highly concentrated aqueous solutions (up to 1.4 M) showed, as expected, that the percentage yield of the condensation products increases and the yield of the hydrolysis product correspondingly decreases with *pN concentration (Kanavarioti 1997). Here we report product distributions in reactions with one, two, or three reactive components at the same total nucleotide concentration. *pN used as substrates were the nucleoside 5'-phosphate 2-methylimidazolides, 2-MeImpN, with N = cytidine (C), uridine (U), or guanosine (G). Reactions were conducted as self-condensations, i. e., one nucleotide only, with two components in the three binary U,C, U,G, and C,G mixtures, and with three components in the ternary U,C, G mixture. The products are 5'NMP, 5',5'-pyrophosphate-, 2',5'-, 3', 5'-linked dimers, cyclic dimers, and a small percentage of longer oligomers. The surprising finding was that, under identical conditions, including the same total monomer concentration, the product distribution differs substantially from one reaction to another, most likely due to changing intermolecular interactions depending on the constituents. Even more unexpected was the observed trend according to which reactions of the U,C,G mixture produce the highest yield of internucleotide-linked dimers, whereas the self-condensations produce the least and the reactions with the binary mixtures produce yields that fall in between. What is remarkable is that the approximately two-fold increase in the percentage yield of internucleotide-linked dimers is not due to a concentration effect or a catalyst, but to the increased complexity of the system from a single to two and three components. These observations, perhaps, provide an example of how increased complexity in relatively simple chemical systems leads to organization of the material and consequently to chemical evolution. A possible link between prebiotic chemistry and the postulated RNA world is discussed.

show abstract

Beyond guanine quartets: cation-induced formation of homogenous and chimeric DNA tetraplexes incorporating iso-guanine and guanine

Roberts

Chaput

Switzer

1997

Chemistry & Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Each residue of the insect kinin carboxy-terminal pentapeptide has a distinct role in conformational preference, specific receptor interactions or signal transduction. The beta-turn preference of residues Phe1-X2-X3-Trp4 implicates this as the bioactive conformation. The amidated carboxyl terminus, required for activity in many neuropeptide families, may be generally important for signal transduction and its inclusion may therefore be essential for agonist design.

show abstract

Single-strand regions of poly(G) act as templates for oligo(C) synthesis

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Polycytidylate and poly(7-deazaguanylate): A pair of complementary templates

Polycytidylate and poly(7-deazaguanylate): A pair of complementary templates

Preference for Internucleotide Linkages as a Function of the Number of Constituents in a Mixture

Beyond guanine quartets: cation-induced formation of homogenous and chimeric DNA tetraplexes incorporating iso-guanine and guanine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About