Single-Source Gamma Radiation Procedures for Improved Calibration and Measurements in Porous Media

Oostrom, Mart; Hofstee, C.; Dane, H.; Lenhard, R. J.

doi:10.1097/00010694-199808000-00005

Cited by 47 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The image analysis represents a non-invasive and cost-effective procedure to reproduce the saturation profile under dynamic condition. Generally, the non-intrusive or nondestructive methods used to measure fluid saturation, such as gamma ray [2,3,13,21], or conventional X-ray attenuation techniques [22][23][24], do not allow the acquisition of dynamic fluid saturation distribution in the entire flow domain at one time. Because of practical limitations on source intensity, long counting times are needed and only one point can be measured at one time [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory investigation of DNAPL migration in porous media

Luciano

Viotti

Papini

2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory investigation of DNAPL migration in porous media

Luciano

Viotti

Papini

2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…The hydraulic conductivity was obtained using a constant head method described by Wietsma et al (2009). The retention parameters were obtained by fitting the van Genuchten (1980) saturationpressure head equation to saturation data obtained using a dual-energy gamma system (Oostrom et al 1998), after draining an initially saturated 1-m-long column. The average porosity and dry bulk density values listed in Table 1 were obtained gravimetrically.…”

Section: Flow Cell Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remedial Amendment Delivery Near the Water Table Using Shear Thinning Fluids: Experiments and Numerical Simulations

et al. 2014

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The use of non-Newtonian shear thinning fluids (STFs) containing xanthan is a potential enhancement for emplacing a solute amendment near the water table and within the capillary fringe. Most research to date related to STF behavior has involved saturated and confined conditions. A series of flow cell experiments were conducted to investigate STF emplacement in variable saturated homogeneous and layered heterogeneous systems. Besides flow visualization using dyes, amendment concentrations and pressure data were obtained at several locations. The experiments showed that injection of STFs considerably improved the subsurface distribution near the water table by mitigating preferential flow through higher permeability zones compared to no-polymer injections. The phosphate amendment migrated with the xanthan STF without retardation. Despite the high viscosity of the STF, no excessive mounding or preferential flow were observed in the unsaturated zone. The STOMP simulator was able to predict the experimentally observed fluid displacement and amendment concentrations well. Based on the observed pressure gradients and concentration data in layers of differing hydraulic conductivity, cross flow between layers was identified as the main mechanism transporting STFs into lower permeability layers.

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“…Indirect methods for determining

I_{j}^{o}

are necessary for columns and cells packed under saturated conditions and are provided by Oostrom et al (1998). A drawback of dry packing is the possibility of cracking, settling, or consolidation of the porous medium, which affects the bulk density values.…”

Section: Imaging Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The traditional dual-source calibration method is described by Oostrom et al (1995) and Stillwater and Klute (1988). A new single-source is described by Oostrom et al (1998); it has distinct advantages over the dual-source method. It is simpler and more accurate than the traditional dual-source method, and is recommended as a standard procedure in experiments.…”

Section: Imaging Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%