“…Measurements of temperature, velocity, and chemical-species concentrations at high bandwidth (typically 10 kHz-1 MHz) are required for providing better insight into processes, such as supersonic injection, fuel-air mixing, ignition, flame holding, turbulenceflame interactions, nonequilibrium chemistry, thermoacoustic instabilities, and shock/boundary-layer interactions. Thus far, high-bandwidth measurements of such processes have been investigated primarily with linear spectroscopic techniques based on nanosecond (ns) laser architectures as first demonstrated by Wu and Miles [2] and recently reviewed by Thurow et al [3].The availability of commercial, turn-key picosecond (ps) and femtosecond (fs) laser systems has aided the advancement of nonlinear optical spectroscopic techniques such as coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) [4,5], two-photon planar laser-induced fluorescence (TPLIF) [6], and Raman-excited laser-induced electronic fluorescence (RELIEF) [7]. Because of quadratic and higher order dependences on excitation-beam power density, laser sources with sub-ns pulse duration are usually required for nonlinear spectroscopic measurements with high signal-to-noise ratio, especially for acquiring spatially and temporally resolved one-or two-dimensional data.…”