Single-Shot Frequency-Diverse Near-Field Imaging Using High-Scanning-Rate Leaky-Wave Antenna

Ma, Dingfei; Zhong, Jianwen; Shen, Shanpu; Dubey, Amartansh; Zhang, Chi; Murch, R.D.

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2021.3065713

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The measured efficiency of hologram #1 was 20%-40% at 50-75 GHz and 40%-50% at 220-330 GHz. The measured efficiency is better or on par with microwave frequency-diverse metasurfaces and the W -band cavity-fed metasurfaces reported in [5], [12], and [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Using a tiny quantization step quickly results in excessively smooth phase variation, which can impose challenges when manufacturing the structure. The added phase m is used to increase the phase modulation over the illumination frequency range and thus greatly affects the overall depth of the structure, as seen from ( 4) and (5).…”

Section: (A)-(d)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With computational imaging methods, spatially and temporally quasi-random illumination can be used to interrogate the RoI and encode information in the backscattered signal. Recently, a concept with increasing interest inside the computational imaging paradigm has been frequency-diverse imaging, as in [3]- [5]. These methods rely on swept-frequency sources and engineered frequencydependent apertures to generate quasi-random radiation patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Characterization of Phase Holograms for Standoff Localization at Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves

Palli

Tamminen

Ala‐Laurinaho

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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We present design, simulation, and experimental characterization of dual-band frequency-diverse holograms for distributed beamforming. The holograms operate in the 50-75 GHz (WR-15) and 220-330 GHz (WR-3.4) bands for millimeter-and submillimeter-wave imaging. The holograms are designed to create a dispersive field in the region of interest (RoI) located 600 mm from the aperture. The holograms lie in the front end of an imaging setup and modulate the phase of the incident collimated beam from a parabolic mirror. The distributed beamforming enables interrogation of the RoI so that the measured reflection through the dispersive propagation path conveys the spatial information of the target. Different phase modulation schemes are evaluated, and two prototype holograms are manufactured. The dispersive operation and efficiency of the hologram are characterized with both simulations and measurements. The frequency diversity of the holograms is quantified using singular-value decomposition and spatialspectral correlation coefficient methods. The results identified a design frequency of 120 GHz, a phase quantization step of π/2 radians, and an added phase of 1.9π radians as a good dispersion-efficiency compromise. A fully connected neural network is trained to localize a corner-cube reflector in the RoI illuminated by the hologram. The localization accuracy follows the diffraction-limited resolution and confirms the best performance for the hologram considered optimal in the design metrics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Section: (A)-(d)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Design and Characterization of Phase Holograms for Standoff Localization at Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves

Palli

Tamminen

Ala‐Laurinaho

et al. 2022

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Can the beam scan linearly with frequency? In this subsection, we consider techniques dedicated to enhancing the beamscanning rate for LWAs, and several enabling schemes [152], [153], [154], [155], [156], [157], [158], [159], [160], [161], [162], [163], [164], [165], [166], [167], [168], [169], [170] will be summarized and discussed.…”

Section: Rapid Beam-scanningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaky-Wave Structures and Techniques for Integrated Front-End Antenna Systems

Zheng

Chan

2023

IEEE J. Microw.

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Leaky-wave antenna (LWA), as a special kind of waveguiding structure simultaneously characterized by both the guidance and radiation of electromagnetic waves along it, has received much attention and has been in the spotlight of both academia and industry since its inception in the 1940s. This is mainly because LWAs possess many appealing properties such as the highly directive beam, easy feeding mechanism, simple configuration, and particular frequency-driven beam-scanning, which enable them to hold promise in the development of a unique front-end antenna solution than others (e.g., reflector antenna and phased array). In addition to these inherent features, the exploitation of LWAs featuring multifarious sophisticated electrical functionalities (i.e., functional LWAs), with resort to engineering relevant radiating discontinuities and waveguiding structures, constitutes one mainstream research in the communities and increasingly prevails in the research & development of modern multifunctional wireless RF/microwave systems recently. This article is structured under this background, which is mainly dedicated to reviewing and investigating several enabling concepts, structures, and techniques that are specifically applied to the design of functional LWAs characterized by, for example, simultaneously low side-lobe and cross-polarization behaviors, rapid beam-scanning, stable radiation, frequency-selectivity, and open-stopband suppression. To make the technical discussions much more self-contained and systematic, this article begins with leaky-wave basics as well as general geometrical and electrical characteristics of LWAs. In addition, some representative system-level applications enabled by LWAs are briefly described, together with several promising research directions that can be further explored and galvanized, from the authors' perspective.

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“…This growing interest has prompted regulatory agencies to open up new spectrum utilization opportunities in recent years. The FCC introduced an opening of 7 GHz spectrum in the V-band (57-64 GHz) for unlicensed short-range links [4]- [7]. Regular mm-wave receiver systems that employ discrete nonlinear diodes or mixers for down-converting the RF signal, require a high-power LO signal of a minimum +10 dBm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

V-Band Six-Port Interferometer Receiver: High Data-Rate Wireless Applications, BER and EVM Analysis, and CFO Compensation

Ardakani

Tatu

2021

IEEE Access

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The realization and analysis of an implemented V-band six-port demodulator, operating over 60 GHz band, are presented in this paper. The performance of the design in real-time high-data-rate wireless data transmission is strongly proved using different modulated signals. The valid high data-rate demodulation results achieved over a 7 GHz band (from 57 to 64 GHz), provide a confirmation that this six-port interferometer receiver is an attractive proposition for homodyne or heterodyne transceivers designed for high-speed short-range wireless communication systems, such as future wireless small cell backhaul for 5G. The performance of the proposed direct conversion receiver is characterized in terms of the bit error rate (BER) and error vector magnitude (EVM) for various M-PSK/M-QAM demodulated signals. To verify the resulting data, the relation between the error vector magnitude and the bit error rate is also analyzed. Theoretical results are matched to measured values and validate that the EVM and BER are appropriate metrics for mm-wave channels limited by additive white Gaussian noise. In the last section, the proposed six-port interferometer is introduced for precise estimation of carrier frequency offset (CFO) and Doppler shift in V-band wireless systems. The final results, which include various modulation configurations at mega or Giga symbol rates generated by the implemented transmitter, are supported by laboratory measurements.INDEX TERMS Bit error rate, carrier frequency offset, direct conversion receiver, fifth-generation (5G) systems, error vector magnitude, multiport interferometer, six-port junction.

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Single-Shot Frequency-Diverse Near-Field Imaging Using High-Scanning-Rate Leaky-Wave Antenna

Cited by 32 publications

References 35 publications

Design and Characterization of Phase Holograms for Standoff Localization at Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves

Design and Characterization of Phase Holograms for Standoff Localization at Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves

Leaky-Wave Structures and Techniques for Integrated Front-End Antenna Systems

V-Band Six-Port Interferometer Receiver: High Data-Rate Wireless Applications, BER and EVM Analysis, and CFO Compensation

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