Single‐run HPLC/ESI‐LITMS profiling of ginsenosides in plant extracts and ginseng based products

Abstract

A rapid single-run analytical approach suitable to achieve a comprehensive characterization of ginsenosides - the main bioactive compounds present in plant materials from Panax species and ginseng-based products - was developed. The method is based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray positive ionization linear ion trap mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-LITMS). The main ions in the ESI-LITMS spectra were attributed to molecular adducts with sodium and potassium and fragments corresponding to cleavage of the glycosidic bonds. The simplicity of the approach allows laborious sample preparation and sophisticated spectral information-dependent acquisition to be avoided, and provides an opportunity for rapid screening. The method may replace existing HPLC-DAD profiling approaches. The results of this study indicate that HPLC/ESI-LITMS is applicable for quality control purposes on processed products and allows the rapid and direct identification of ginsenosides in crude plant extracts.

A new PARAFAC‐based algorithm for HPLC–MS data treatment: herbal extracts identification

“…From the previous works 8,9 it was already known that saponins in‐source fragmentation performs with elimination of sugars followed by dehydration of an aglycone (sapogenin). Characteristic sapogenin fragment ions corresponding to the major triterpene constituents of the studied plants are listed in Table 1.…”

“…In some cases, in‐source fragmentation gives the opportunity to detect characteristic product ions that allows to establish the presence of a specific group of constituents, e.g. triterpene saponins in ginseng 8,9 . Therefore, raw LC–MS dataset treatment can help to detect class‐selective features.…”

Advances and challenges in ginseng research from 2011 to 2020: the phytochemistry, quality control, metabolism, and biosynthesis

“…A summary of the available literature in this eld is provided in Table S5. † 25,28,29,39,40,214,217,223,224,239,260,264,266,270, A large collection of documents have focused on the content determination of ginsenosides from P. ginseng, red ginseng, P.…”

Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry identification and determination of glycyrrhizin in licorice root extracts and food products

“…Во-пер-вых, в некоторых случаях, например, для группы родственных сапонинов можно выделить целый набор диагностических ионов из паттерна фраг-ментации сапогенина [30], это позволяет отличить эту группу от других гликозидов даже при совпа-дении их брутто-формул, что повышает информа-тивность и достоверность такого подхода. Во-вто-рых, на хроматограммах, полученных по сигналам диагностических ионов, можно выделить все пики исследуемой группы соединений, что также ведет к увеличению информативности и возможности к автоматизации данного подхода.…”