Single quantum well electrodes for photoelectrochemistry

Parsons, Craig; Peterson, M. W.; Thacker, B. R.; Turner, John A.; Nozik, Arthur J.

doi:10.1021/j100372a008

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…71 -73 Okamoto et al 72 showed that the reaction rate for the degradation of phenol on TiO 2 was directly proportional to intensity up to about 1 × 10 −5 mol m −2 s −1 and proportional to the square root of intensity above 2 × 10 −5 mol m −2 s −1 . This conclusion is also supported by Parsons et al 74 A similar observation is made for the degradation of 17β-estradiol, which was found to be proportional to the square root of light intensity. 32 It appears that at high light intensity the recombination of the electron-hole pair is enhanced while at low fluxes organic oxidation can compete with recombination.…”

Section: Effect Of Light Intensity On Reaction Ratesupporting

confidence: 81%

Removing pharmaceuticals and endocrine‐disrupting compounds from wastewater by photocatalysis

Dalrymple

Yeh

Trotz

2007

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

235

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Widespread concerns continue to be raised about the increasing presence of emerging contaminants in the environment. Such compounds include a wide range of persistent organic chemicals, including pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting compounds whose effects are poorly known, often because they have only begun to enter the environment and are showing up in wastewater treatment plants. The occurrence and behavior of these compounds in wastewater are key issues with regard to water reclamation and reuse. Treatment plants are now faced with the challenge of removing the compounds from their effluent before they enter natural waterways. In this regard, photocatalysis is a promising technology for wastewater treatment that offers many advantages over conventional and some advanced treatment options. The application of photocatalysis for the removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting compounds for wastewater is comprehensively surveyed in this paper. This treatment technology is not intended to replace conventional systems but to supplement for higher-quality effluent. The assessment places emphasis on the process fundamentals, advantages, and disadvantages of the technology. It also focuses on the current limitations and future research needs.

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Section: Effect Of Light Intensity On Reaction Ratesupporting

confidence: 81%

Removing pharmaceuticals and endocrine‐disrupting compounds from wastewater by photocatalysis

Dalrymple

Yeh

Trotz

2007

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

235

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“…10,11 Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), or titania, exists in three crystalline phases, anatase, rutile, and brookite. Anatase and rutile have found uses mainly in PV cells, photoelectrochemical cells (PEC), and photocatalysis applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-Doped and CdSe Quantum-Dot-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO₂ Films for Solar Energy Conversion Applications

et al. 2008

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Nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (TiO 2 /N) nanoparticle thin films have been produced by a sol-gel method with hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) as the dopant source. The synthesized TiO 2 /N thin films have been sensitized with CdSe quantum dots (QDs) via a linking molecule, thioglycolic acid (TGA). Optical, morphological, structural, and photocurrent properties of the thin films with and without QD sensitization have been characterized by AFM, TEM, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and photoelectrochemistry techniques. AFM measurements reveals that films with thicknesses of 150 and 1100 nm can be readily prepared, with an average TiO 2 particle size of 100 nm. TEM shows a uniform size distribution of CdSe QDs utilized in sensitizing the TiO 2 /N films. Doping of the TiO 2 crystal lattice by HMT was confirmed to be 0.6-0.8% by XPS. Differences in crystal phase caused by the precursors HMT, nitric acid, and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) are elucidated using XRD and Raman spectroscopy. The resultant crystal phase of TiO 2 /N varies but is a mixture of anatase, brookite, and rutile phases. UV-visible absorption spectra show that N doping of TiO 2 causes a red-shifted absorption into the visible region, with an onset around 600 nm. Nitrogen doping is also responsible for the enhanced photocurrent response of the TiO 2 /N nanoparticle films in the visible region relative to undoped TiO 2 films. In addition, CdSe QDs linked to TiO 2 /N nanoparticles using TGA were found to significantly increase the photocurrent and power conversion of the films compared to standard TiO 2 /N films without QD sensitization. The incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) is 6% at 400 nm for TiO 2 /N-TGA-CdSe solid-state solar cells and 95% for TiO 2 /N-TGA-CdSe films near 300 nm in a Na 2 S electrolyte, which is much higher than that of undoped TiO 2 with QD sensitization or TiO 2 /N without QD sensitization. The power conversion efficiency (η) was found to be 0.84% with a fill factor (FF%) of 27.7% with 1100 nm thick TiO 2 /N-TGA-CdSe thin films. The results show that combining nitrogen doping with the QD sensitization of TiO 2 thin films is an effective and promising way to enhance the photoresponse in the near-UV and visible region, which is important for potential photovoltaic (PV) and photoelectrochemical applications.

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“…For example, dye molecules have been used to sensitize metal oxide nanoparticles such as TiO 2 and ZnO for potential solar cell applications [190][191][192][193][194][195]. In this case, one important process is electron injection from the dye molecule to the nanoparticle.…”

Section: Charge Transfer Dynamics Involving Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solar energy conversion into electricity or chemical energy such as hydrogen represents one of the most promising applications of optical properties of nanomaterials [190,[192][193][194][195]231]. For example, dyesensitized solar cells have attracted significant attention since the initial report in 1991 of a power conversion efficiency of 12 % [190].…”

Section: Energy Conversion: Photovoltaics and Photoelectrochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical and Dynamic Properties of Undoped and Doped Semiconductor Nanostructures

Grant¹,

Zhang²

2008

Annual Review of Nano Research

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This chapter provides an overview of some recent research activities on the study of optical and dynamic properties of semiconductor nanomaterials. The emphasis is on unique aspects of these properties in nanostructures as compared to bulk materials.Linear, including absorption and luminescence, and nonlinear optical as well as dynamic properties of semiconductor nanoparticles are discussed with focus on their dependence on particle size, shape, and surface characteristics. Both doped and undoped semiconductor nanomaterials are highlighted and contrasted to illustrate the use of doping to effectively alter and probe nanomaterial properties.Some emerging applications of optical nanomaterials are discussed towards the end of the chapter, including solar energy conversion, optical sensing of chemicals and biochemicals, solid state lighting, photocatalysis, and photoelectrochemistry.2

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Single quantum well electrodes for photoelectrochemistry

Cited by 30 publications

References 1 publication

Removing pharmaceuticals and endocrine‐disrupting compounds from wastewater by photocatalysis

Removing pharmaceuticals and endocrine‐disrupting compounds from wastewater by photocatalysis

Nitrogen-Doped and CdSe Quantum-Dot-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO₂ Films for Solar Energy Conversion Applications

Optical and Dynamic Properties of Undoped and Doped Semiconductor Nanostructures

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Single quantum well electrodes for photoelectrochemistry

Cited by 30 publications

References 1 publication

Removing pharmaceuticals and endocrine‐disrupting compounds from wastewater by photocatalysis

Removing pharmaceuticals and endocrine‐disrupting compounds from wastewater by photocatalysis

Nitrogen-Doped and CdSe Quantum-Dot-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO2 Films for Solar Energy Conversion Applications

Optical and Dynamic Properties of Undoped and Doped Semiconductor Nanostructures

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Nitrogen-Doped and CdSe Quantum-Dot-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO₂ Films for Solar Energy Conversion Applications