Single proximal tubules of the Necturus kidney. III. Dependence of H<sub>2</sub>O movement on NaCl concentration

Windhager, Erich E.; Whittembury, Guillermo; Oken, Donald; Schatzmann, H. J.; Solomon, A. K.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1959.197.2.313

Cited by 123 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Stationary microperfusion experiments in Necturus of Windhager, Whittembury, Oken, Schatzmann, and Solomon (2) confirmed the presence of a limiting gradient for sodium in the presence of sufficient concentrations of mannitol to maintain isosmotic conditions. They showed, furthermore, that net solute transfer could be directly correlated with the intratubular sodium concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Micropuncture study of hypertonic mannitol diuresis in the proximal and distal tubule of the dog kidney

Seely¹,

Dirks²

1969

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Fractional reabsorption of water, sodium, and potassium at proximal and distal tubular sites within the nephron was studied by recollection-micropuncture experiments on dogs undergoing hypertonic mannitol diuresis. After an initial control hydropenic phase, 16% mannitol in modified Ringer's solution was administered intravenously, resulting in marked increases in fractional excretion of water (28.7%), sodium (12.6%), and potassium (63.9%). Inulin clearance decreased significantly from 35.1 to 25.2 ml/min. Analysis of paired micropuncture data revealed a significant decrease in tubule fluid to plasma (TF: P) inulin ratios in both the proximal tubule (1.63-1.45) and distal tubule (5.38-1.94). There was also a significant decrease in proximal TF: P sodium ratios (0.99-0.93) and potassium ratios (1.05-0.98). Distal TF: P sodium ratios, in contrast, rose significantly (0.38-0.59), while TF: P potassium ratios tended towards unity whether initially greater or less than one. Fractional reabsorption of sodium and water decreased by 5% and 10% respectively in the proximal tubule, but to a lesser extent than the resulting increases in fractional urinary excretion. The nonreabsorbed fraction, however, had increased sharply at the point of distal puncture for water (32%), sodium (26%), and potassium (26%), indicating a large inhibitory effect within the loop of Henle in addition to the smaller proximal effects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Micropuncture study of hypertonic mannitol diuresis in the proximal and distal tubule of the dog kidney

Seely¹,

Dirks²

1969

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…At present there is no data addressing any of these issues. The principle argument against a direct effect of protein across junctional complexes is the observation that addition of protein to the luminal solution does not influence Jv (7,8,49). Other studies (12,50), however, find that luminal protein dramatically inhibits J,.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of peritubular protein on solute absorption in the rabbit proximal tubule. A specific effect on NaCl transport.

Berry¹,

Cogan²

1981

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T The effect of removal of peritubular protein on the reabsorption ofvarious solutes and water was examined in isolated rabbit proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) perfused in vitro. In 22 PCT perfused with ultrafiltrate (UF) and bathed in serum, volume absorption (JV) was 1.44 nl/mm per min and potential difference (PD) was -3.6 mV. When these same PCT were bathed in a protein-free UF, JV was reduced 38% without a change in PD. Simultaneous measurements of total CO2 net flux (JTCO2) and glucose efflux (JG) showed that <2% of the decrease in JV could be accounted for by a reduction in JTCO2 and JG, suggesting that removal of peritubular protein inhibited sodium chloride transport (JNacl). Therefore, in eight additional PCT, JNaCl was measured, in addition to PD, JV, JG, and JTCO2. In these PCT, the decrease in total solute transport induced by removal of bath protein was 201.7±37.5 posmol/mm per min. JG decreased slightly (9.1±3.9 posmol/mm per min); NaHCO3 transport did not change (9.2±6.6 posmol/mm per min); but JNac1 decreased markedly (160.6±35.7 posmol/mm per min). 80% of the decrease in JV could be accounted for by a decrease in JNacl. In 13 additional PCT perfused with simple NaCl solutions, a comparable decrease in JV and JNaci was observed when peritubular protein was removed without an increase in TCO2 backleak.

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“…When the sucrose is replaced by an electrolyte, a t may be determined from the concentration of electrolyte required to make (dw/dt)o = zero. ~' is defined by the equation: 1 A theoretical expression for g for electrolytes has been developed by Katchalsky and is now in press (Symposium on M e m b r a n e Transport and Metabolism, Prague, August [22][23][24][25][26][27]1960). Katehalsky has shown that ¢ for electrolytes depends strongly on electrolyte concentration.…”

Section: Determination Of Or'mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic Permeability and Electrical Potential Differences in Necturus Kidney Cells

Whittembury

Sugino

Solomon

1961

The Journal of General Physiology

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The cellular concentrations of Na, K, and C1 have been measured in kidney slices of the amphibian, Necturus maculosus. Permeability coefficients have been determined for Na, K, C1, Rb, Cs, and choline, from studies both of the uptake of radioactive isotopes and the rate of cell swelling in anisotonic solutions. The results of both methods were found to agree well. Measurements were also made of electrical potential differences across the peritubular face of the kidney cells using bathing solutions in which the electrolyte composition and concentrations could be varied. The data obtained are consistent with a model cell in which the potential difference arises as a result of differences in Na permeability relative to K on the two faces of the cell. The intracellular Na concentration is considered to be regulated by a Na-K coupled pump located at the peritubular face of the cell.Electrical potential gradients have been demonstrated between the interstitial fluid and the lumen of the proximal tubule of the kidney of the amphibian, Necturus rnaculosus, by Giebisch (1, 2), Whittembury (3), and Whittembury and Windhager (4). These authors have also shown that the electrical potential difference across the peritubular face of the cell is larger than that across the luminal face. The relationship between electrical potential differences and ionic permeabilities has been studied in nerve by Hodgkin and Katz (5). The present studies are concerned with similar relationships in Necturus proximal tubule cells.For this purpose we have used kidney slices. The permeability of kidney slices to a variety of small ions and molecules has been studied using a combination of radioactive techniques and studies of cell swelling. It is possible to make chemical analyses of the slices before and after exposure to permeant molecules and to measure potential differences in the slices under the same conditions. The combination of the present results with those obtained in situ has enabled us to put forward a hypothetical model kidney cell which 689

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Single proximal tubules of the Necturus kidney. III. Dependence of H₂O movement on NaCl concentration

Cited by 123 publications

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Micropuncture study of hypertonic mannitol diuresis in the proximal and distal tubule of the dog kidney

Micropuncture study of hypertonic mannitol diuresis in the proximal and distal tubule of the dog kidney

Influence of peritubular protein on solute absorption in the rabbit proximal tubule. A specific effect on NaCl transport.

Ionic Permeability and Electrical Potential Differences in Necturus Kidney Cells

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Single proximal tubules of the Necturus kidney. III. Dependence of H2O movement on NaCl concentration

Cited by 123 publications

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Micropuncture study of hypertonic mannitol diuresis in the proximal and distal tubule of the dog kidney

Micropuncture study of hypertonic mannitol diuresis in the proximal and distal tubule of the dog kidney

Influence of peritubular protein on solute absorption in the rabbit proximal tubule. A specific effect on NaCl transport.

Ionic Permeability and Electrical Potential Differences in Necturus Kidney Cells

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Single proximal tubules of the Necturus kidney. III. Dependence of H₂O movement on NaCl concentration