Single Photoelectron Recording by an Image Intensifier TV Camera System

Mende, S. B.

doi:10.1364/ao.10.000829

Cited by 9 publications

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References 9 publications

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“…The position and magnitude of these light pulses can then be recorded by the television camera and video tape recorder combination. The efficiency of the recording of discrete photoelectron pulses by this technique was discussed extensively by Mende [1971]. Low light levels that necessitate the individual recording of photoelectrons produce relatively poor image quality because of the fluctuations inherent in the quantum nature of light.…”

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Morphology of the magnetospheric barium release

Mende¹

1973

J. Geophys. Res.

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The magnetospheric barium release experiment of September 21, 1971, was observed by a high‐performance image intensifier television camera system from Kitt Peak National Observatory, Tucson, Arizona. The system produced high‐resolution video recordings of the dynamic morphology of the barium ion cloud. The system was calibrated for absolute sensitivity, thus enabling the reconstruction of the barium density profiles in the cloud. The ionized plasma expands along the field line with the velocity somewhat greater than the neutral expansion velocity. Perpendicular to the magnetic field line, the expansion of the cloud is limited by the forces exerted by the earth's magnetic field. Thus, the cloud takes up a field‐aligned filamentary structure. As early as 30 sec after release, two major filaments could be distinguished. Two minutes after release, the cloud already consisted of at least 8 or 10 filamentary striationlike structures. These are formed in the low‐density expanded part of the cloud. These striations and the diffuse parts of the cloud move in a direction perpendicular to the magnetic field with a velocity different from that of the main dense core of the cloud. This differential velocity moves the lower‐density parts away from the main core. These lower‐density parts appear to be highly structured in the form of fieldaligned striations. During the first 8 min after release, the high‐density main core part erodes to a very narrow strip, which is about 12 km wide. This width of the central core is less than the diameter of the gyro‐orbit of the initial velocity barium ions in the ambient magnetic field. The rapid fragmentation of the cloud to such narrow forms has interesting implications for the stability of dense magnetospheric plasma clouds.

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Morphology of the magnetospheric barium release

Mende¹

1973

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…The efficiency and precision of recording highdispersion spectra has been increased recently by applying the photon-counting imaging detectors, such as an image tube coupled with an image dissector (McNall, Robinson, and Wampler 1970;Ford and Brown 1971), a Digicon image tube (Beaver and Mcllwain 1971), or a photoncounting television camera (Boksenberg 1971;Mende 1971). An accurate calibration of the wavelength scale with any of these devices is difficult: stability of the electron optics required for precision radial velocity measurements is hard to achieve.…”

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A Polarimetric Method of Measuring Radial Velocities

Serkowski¹

1972

PASP

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Stellar light approaching the spectrometer slit is artificially polarized in such a way that the plane of linear polarization changes rapidly with wavelength. For each resolution element in the spectrum a photon-counting image tube measures the intensity of the light and the position angle of its polarization. Wavelengths determined from these position angles are independent of the position of the stellar image on the spectrometer slit; therefore a wide open slit can be used for radial velocity measurements. An echelle spectrometer on an 80-inch telescope is expected to give a radial velocity accurate to ± 1 km sec -1 in about four minutes of observing the profile of a spectral line of a 10th magnitude star.

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A versatile computer‐controlled spectrometer for hyper Rayleigh and hyper Raman spectroscopy

French

Long

1975

J Raman Spectroscopy

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The construction, operation and performance of a versatile, computer-controlled spectrometer for the observation of hyper Rayleigh and hyper Raman scattering is described. The instrument may be operated either in a single channel mode using as the detector a photomultiplier, or in a multi-channel mode using as the detection system a high-gain image intensifier coupled to a television camera. Typical spectra; obtained with this instrument are presented.

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Single Photoelectron Recording by an Image Intensifier TV Camera System

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Morphology of the magnetospheric barium release

Morphology of the magnetospheric barium release

A Polarimetric Method of Measuring Radial Velocities

A versatile computer‐controlled spectrometer for hyper Rayleigh and hyper Raman spectroscopy

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