Single particle multichannel bio-aerosol fluorescence sensor

Kaye, Paul H.; Stanley, Warren; Hirst, Edwin; Foot, E.V.J.; Baxter, Karen L.; Barrington, Stephen J.

doi:10.1364/opex.13.003583

Cited by 222 publications

(210 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Emission detected in the 310 to 400 nm band from the 370 nm excitation is not detected because of PMT saturation. A detailed technical description of the WIBS series can be found elsewhere (e.g., Foot et al, 2008;Kaye et al, 2000Kaye et al, , 2005Savage et al, 2017;Stanley et al, 2011). The voltage settings used for all data presented here are PMT1 (AF) 400 V, PMT2 (particle sizing and FL1 emission) 450 mV, and PMT3 (FL2, FL3 emission) 732 mV.…”

Section: Online Psl Analysis Using the Wibs-4amentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of steady-state fluorescence properties of polystyrene latex spheres using off- and online spectroscopic methods

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Fluorescent dyed polystyrene latex spheres (PSLs) are commonly used for characterization and calibration of instruments detecting fluorescence signals from particles suspended in the air and other fluids. Instruments like the Ultraviolet Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (UV-APS) and the Waveband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor (WIBS) are widely used for bioaerosol research, but these instruments present significant technical and physical challenges requiring careful characterization with standard particles. Many other research communities use flow cytometry and other instruments that interrogate fluorescence from individual particles, and these also frequently rely on fluorescent PSLs as standards. Nevertheless, information about physical properties of commercially available PSLs provided by each manufacturer is generally proprietary and rarely available, making their use in fluorescence validation and calibration very difficult.This technical note presents an overview of steady-state fluorescence properties of fluorescent and non-fluorescent PSLs, as well as of polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) particles, by using on-and offline spectroscopic techniques. We show that the "fluorescence landscape" of PSLs is more complex than the information typically provided by manufacturers may imply, especially revealing multimodal emission patterns. Furthermore, non-fluorescent PSLs also exhibit defined patterns of fluorescent emission originating from a mixture of polystyrene and detergents, which becomes a crucial point for fluorescence threshold calibrations and qualitative comparison between instruments. By comparing PSLs of different sizes, but doped with the same dye, changes in emission spectra from bulk solutions are not immediately obvious. On a single-particle scale, however, fluorescence intensity values increase with increasing particle size. No significant effect in the fluorescence signatures was detectable by comparing PSLs in dry vs. wet states, indicating that solvent water may only play a minor role as a fluorescence quencher.Because information provided by manufacturers of commercially available PSLs is generally very limited, we provide the steady-state excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) of PSLs as open-access data within the Supplement. Detergent and solvent effects are also discussed in order to provide information not available elsewhere to researchers in the bioaerosol and other research communities. These data are not meant to serve as a fundamental library of PSL properties because of the variability of fluorescent properties between batches and as a function of particle aging and agglomeration. The data presented, however, provide a summary of spectral features which are consistent across these widely used fluorescent standards. Using these concepts, further checks will likely be required by individual researchers using specific lots of standards.

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Section: Online Psl Analysis Using the Wibs-4amentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of steady-state fluorescence properties of polystyrene latex spheres using off- and online spectroscopic methods

et al. 2018

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“…The spectrometer is the latest version of a series of real-time biological particle monitors developed by the authors (Kaye et al, 2005a(Kaye et al, , 2005b. It continuously samples ambient air at a rate of ∼2.35 l min −1 through a delivery system that filters ∼2.1 l min −1 of the air and re-introduces this as a sheath around the remaining ∼250 ml min −1 sample flow.…”

Section: The Uv Fluorescence Spectrometermentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous bioaerosol monitoring in a tropical environment using a UV fluorescence particle spectrometer

Stanley

Kaye

Foot

et al. 2011

Atmospheric Science Letters

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An instrument designed to continuously monitor ambient bioaerosol concentrations is presented. The instrument is a compact, relatively low-cost, UV aerosol spectrometer that monitors and classifies individual airborne particles by simultaneously recording both fluorescence excitation-emission data and multi-angle spatial elastic scattering data from each particle. The former can indicate the possible presence of specific biological fluorophores within the particle while the latter provides an assessment of particle size and shape. These parameters can facilitate discrimination between biological and nonbiological particles and potentially allow classification of biological particle types. Example measurements are given, illustrating data from the Borneo rain forest.

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“…These methods require long air sampling periods and significant post-collection labor, and they provide poor temporal resolution. In response to these shortcomings, a new generation of online, automated instruments for the measurement of PBAP, such as aerosol mass spectrometers (Tobias et al, 2005) and fluorescent particle spectrometers (Pan et al, 2003;Kaye et al, 2005), have recently been developed. Measurements of single-particle fluorescence has been used for rapid detection of PBAP in the fields of atmospheric science (Pöschl et al, 2010), public health (Bhangar et al, 2015), and biological warfare research (Greenwood et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the proliferation of single-particle fluorescence instruments (see Pan et al, 2003, andKaye et al, 2005, for early prototype examples and the Ultraviolet Aerosol Particle Sizer [UV-APS; TSI, Inc.] and Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor, DMT, Inc., for commercially available examples), there is no standard method used to calibrate the magnitude of their fluorescence signals. Fluorescently dyed polystyrene latex spheres (FPSLs) are commonly used to assess detector performance, instrument alignment, and excitation pulse timing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescence calibration method for single-particle aerosol fluorescence instruments

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Real-time, single-particle fluorescence instruments used to detect atmospheric bioaerosol particles are increasingly common, yet no standard fluorescence calibration method exists for this technique. This gap limits the utility of these instruments as quantitative tools and complicates comparisons between different measurement campaigns. To address this need, we have developed a method to produce size-selected particles with a known mass of fluorophore, which we use to calibrate the fluorescence detection of a Wideband Integrated Bioaerosol Sensor (WIBS-4A). We use mixed tryptophan-ammonium sulfate particles to calibrate one detector (FL1; excitation = 280 nm, emission = 310-400 nm) and pure quinine particles to calibrate the other (FL2; excitation = 280 nm, emission = 420-650 nm). The relationship between fluorescence and mass for the mixed tryptophan-ammonium sulfate particles is linear, while that for the pure quinine particles is nonlinear, likely indicating that not all of the quinine mass contributes to the observed fluorescence. Nonetheless, both materials produce a repeatable response between observed fluorescence and particle mass. This procedure allows users to set the detector gains to achieve a known absolute response, calculate the limits of detection for a given instrument, improve the repeatability of the instrumental setup, and facilitate intercomparisons between different instruments. We recommend calibration of single-particle fluorescence instruments using these methods.

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Single particle multichannel bio-aerosol fluorescence sensor

Cited by 222 publications

References 13 publications

Characterization of steady-state fluorescence properties of polystyrene latex spheres using off- and online spectroscopic methods

Characterization of steady-state fluorescence properties of polystyrene latex spheres using off- and online spectroscopic methods

Continuous bioaerosol monitoring in a tropical environment using a UV fluorescence particle spectrometer

Fluorescence calibration method for single-particle aerosol fluorescence instruments

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