“…The absorption lines of the EIT spectrum separated by a dark line are displaced far from each other when the coupling strength of the driving field becomes very strong (see the solid and dotted lines in figure 2(b¢)). This e e = = [77].…”
We investigate the electromagnetic chirality and negative refraction in a concentric nanoshell of a chiral metal sphere and a chiral atomic shell. The medium of the atomic shell with a four-level system is driven by a laser field and an incoherent pump field in a diamond configuration. We show that the electric and magnetic absorption spectra connecting through the chiral coefficients of the respective dipole moments of the two media, produce five and three lines spectral profiles. We explain that the spectral lines separated by dips are the manifestation of classical (quantum) coherence effect of the wave field excitation in the medium of the metal sphere (atomic shell), and interaction of the respective dipole moments at the interface of the two media. Furthermore, we show negative refraction with zero absorption without requiring permittivity (ε) and permeability (µ) simultaneously negative, where for all values of the incident wavelength, Re[µ] ≈ 1, representing a strong chiral electromagnetic behavior. Consequently, the negative refractive index enhances sufficiently beyond n = -1 for a wide range of parameters depending on the coupling parameters, chiral coefficients and, on the radii ratio of the concentric metal-atomic nanoshell .
“…The absorption lines of the EIT spectrum separated by a dark line are displaced far from each other when the coupling strength of the driving field becomes very strong (see the solid and dotted lines in figure 2(b¢)). This e e = = [77].…”
We investigate the electromagnetic chirality and negative refraction in a concentric nanoshell of a chiral metal sphere and a chiral atomic shell. The medium of the atomic shell with a four-level system is driven by a laser field and an incoherent pump field in a diamond configuration. We show that the electric and magnetic absorption spectra connecting through the chiral coefficients of the respective dipole moments of the two media, produce five and three lines spectral profiles. We explain that the spectral lines separated by dips are the manifestation of classical (quantum) coherence effect of the wave field excitation in the medium of the metal sphere (atomic shell), and interaction of the respective dipole moments at the interface of the two media. Furthermore, we show negative refraction with zero absorption without requiring permittivity (ε) and permeability (µ) simultaneously negative, where for all values of the incident wavelength, Re[µ] ≈ 1, representing a strong chiral electromagnetic behavior. Consequently, the negative refractive index enhances sufficiently beyond n = -1 for a wide range of parameters depending on the coupling parameters, chiral coefficients and, on the radii ratio of the concentric metal-atomic nanoshell .
“…Both (3) and (19) are harmonic oscillator models. The resonance frequency is defined as: = Im[ −u(z, ω) − β 2 − iβ].…”
Section: Parameter Determinationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recently, the introductions of small-cored optical fibers and micro-structured optical fibers have enabled major advances in obtaining Supercontinuum(SC) spectral broadening [1], [2] and negative Metamaterials [3].…”
The transient nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE) is solved with the Darboux transformation. Based on this solution, the longitude and transverse field evolution is presented; the time-varying coefficients (dispersion and nonlinear parameters) of NLSE are determined; the dynamical properties of the photonic crystal fiber-based metamaterials and the turning from loss to gain in photonic crystal fibers are interpreted; the resonance effect is redefined; and the resonance frequency which is a function of field is calculated.
“…However, despite of all benefits this novel technique has some drawbacks in fabrication process which reduces the antenna accuracy [7,16]. The photonic bang gap is studied for various applications in microwave and optical regime for controlling the electrical field and propagation at dielectric layer [17][18][19]. Therefore, in this article, based on manipulating E-field in PBG structure, we have modelled a new structure for controlling the antenna phase centre.…”
Controlling of the phase centre in ultra wideband antenna is important in localisation at radar systems as for accurate localisation, a constant or linear phase centre is required. In addition, high gain, high bandwidth and end‐fire pattern are demanded in these systems. Therefore, end‐fire taper slot Vivaldi antenna has been noticed because of its high gain and wide bandwidth and end fire pattern. The authors have suggested utilising photonic band gap (PBG) for making a linear phase centre of the antenna. Implementation of the PBG substrate has controlled the electric field and surface current over the antenna and compensated the distortion in phase centre and in addition improved the mutual coupling in the proposed antenna. Here, for achieving best results the parametric studies have been noticed for PBG hole diameters and arrangement of these elements is investigated studied. Furthermore, using PBG substrate has improved the antenna gain. The final prototyped antenna with PBG substrate in order to work in a wide bandwidth shows acceptable performance in the range of 6–18 GHz with VSWR <2 antennas well as achieving a higher gain of >2–4 dBi and >90% efficiency, in comparison with conventional tapered slot antennas.
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