“…Family stress theory proposes that socioeconomic stressors indirectly affect the development of young children through the stress and distress experienced by their mother (Ewart & Suchday, 2002;Kotchick, Dorsey, & Heller, 2005;Westbrook & Jones Harden, 2010). Stress and depressive symptoms in mothers are linked to parenting that is less warm, supportive, and involved ( Jackson, Brooks-Gunn, Huang, & Glassman, 2000;Jackson & Scheines, 2005), is more restrictive (Gutman, Friedek, & Hitt, 2003), and shows fewer child-centred behaviours (Bluestone & Tamis-LeMonda, 1999). Similarly, reflective functioning theory suggests that psychosocial difficulties-such as depression, domestic abuse, and substance use-impact mothers' understanding of their child's needs, emotions, and intents (Schechter et al, 2008;Sharp & Fonagy, 2008;Wohlgemuth Levy, 2003).…”