Single-mode mid-IR guidance in a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber

Shephard, Jonathan D.; MacPherson, William N.; Maier, Robert R. J.; Jones, Julian D. C.; Hand, Duncan Paul; Mohebbi, Mohammad; George, A.K.; Roberts, P. J.; Knight, Jonathan C.

doi:10.1364/opex.13.007139

Cited by 105 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…HC-PCFs are encouraging candidates for transmission of light in the short wavelength infrared region (1.4-3 µm). Previously, a silica 19-cell core HC-PCF has been demonstrated with a minimum loss of 2,600 dB/km at 3.14 µm [3]. The present study focuses on 7-cell core HC-PCFs, which, because of the smaller core, give rise to a slightly smaller fraction of the fundamental mode power propagating in air.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

7-cell core hollow-core photonic crystal fibers with low loss in the spectral region around 2 μm

Lyngsø¹,

Mangan²,

Jakobsen³

et al. 2009

Opt. Express

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

7-cell core hollow-core photonic crystal fibers with low loss in the spectral region around 2 μm

Lyngsø¹,

Mangan²,

Jakobsen³

et al. 2009

Opt. Express

Self Cite

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“…The ability of the HC-PBGF design to overcome the material absorption limitations imposed by the silica has also been demonstrated with the first report in 2005 of single mode guidance in a silica HC-PBGF having a minimum attenuation of 2.6 dB/m (at 3.14 µm) [25]. This has been improved on recently with a 19-cell silica HC-PCF having a minimum attenuation of 0.13 dB/m in the 3.1-3.7 µm range [26].…”

Section: Hollow Core Fiber Delivery Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Silica hollow core microstructured fibers for beam delivery in industrial and medical applications

et al. 2015

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The focus of this review is recent work to develop microstructured hollow core fibers for two applications where the flexible delivery of a single mode beam is desired. Also, a brief review of other fiber based solutions is included. High power, short-pulsed lasers are widely used for micro-machining, providing high precision and high quality. However, the lack of truly flexible beam delivery systems limits their application to the processing of relatively small planar components. To address this, hollow-core optical fibers for the 1 µm and green wavelength ranges have been developed. The hollow core overcomes the power delivery limitations of conventional silica fibers arising from non-linear effects and material damage in the solid core. The fibers have been characterized in terms of power handling capability, damage threshold, bend loss and dispersion, and practically demonstrated delivery of high peak power pulses from the nanosecond to the femtosecond regime. Such fibers are ideal candidates for industrial laser machining applications. In laser surgical applications, meanwhile, an Er:YAG laser (2.94 µm) is frequently the laser of choice because the water contained in tissue strongly absorbs this wavelength. If this laser beam is precisely delivered damage to surrounding tissue can be minimized. A common delivery method of surgical lasers, for use in the operating theater, is articulated arms that are bulky, cumbersome and unsuitable for endoscopic procedures. To address this need for flexible mid-IR delivery silica based hollow core fibers have been developed. By minimizing the overlap of the light with glass it is possible to overcome the material absorption limits of silica and achieve low attenuation. Additionally, it is possible to deliver pulse energies suitable for the ablation of both hard and soft tissue even with very small bend radii. The flexibility and small physical size of systems based on these fibers will enable new minimally invasive surgical procedures.

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“…It should be noted that other waveguides providing air guidance, including hollow waveguides [82] and Kagome fibres [9] are substantially more prone to bend loss. HC-PBGFs based on smaller core defect sizes have been described as substantially immune to bend loss at wavelengths away from the bandgap edges or surface mode anti-crossings [8,81,83], with critical bend radii very close to, or indeed below, the fracture point of the fibre. The bend behaviour of HC-PBGFs incorporating large core defects has also recently been investigated [61] by measuring the mode-dependent bend loss, demonstrating excellent robustness even in fibres with effective areas well in excess of 1000 µm 2 .…”

Section: Applications Of Hc-pbgfsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers: technology and applications

2013

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Since the early conceptual and practical demonstrations in the late 1990s, Hollow-Core Photonic Band Gap Fibres (HC-PBGFs) have attracted huge interest by virtue of their promise to deliver a unique range of optical properties that are simply not possible in conventional fibre types. HC-PBGFs have the potential to overcome some of the fundamental limitations of solid fibres promising, for example, reduced transmission loss, lower nonlinearity, higher damage thresholds and lower latency, amongst others. They also provide a unique medium for a range of light: matter interactions of various forms, particularly for gaseous media. In this paper we review the current status of the field, including the latest developments in the understanding of the basic guidance mechanisms in these fibres and the unique properties they can exhibit. We also review the latest advances in terms of fibre fabrication and characterisation, before describing some of the most important applications of the technology, focusing in particular on their use in gas-based fibre optics and in optical communications.

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Single-mode mid-IR guidance in a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber

Cited by 105 publications

References 12 publications

7-cell core hollow-core photonic crystal fibers with low loss in the spectral region around 2 μm

7-cell core hollow-core photonic crystal fibers with low loss in the spectral region around 2 μm

Silica hollow core microstructured fibers for beam delivery in industrial and medical applications

Hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers: technology and applications

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