Single-mode fiber-optic polarizer

Bergh, Ralph A.; Lefèvre, H. C.; Shaw, H. J.

doi:10.1364/ol.5.000479

Cited by 141 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…[177][178][179] As discussed above in Sec. IV, the CO 2 -laser-induced LPFGs have clear polarization dependence due to their asymmetric refractive index profile, resulting from single-side laser irradiation, within the crosssection of the gratings, 23,63,109 thus being potential in-fiber polarizing device.…”

Section: Polarizersmentioning

confidence: 94%

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Wang

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

220

134

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This paper presents a systematic review of long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) written by the CO2 laser irradiation technique. First, various fabrication techniques based on CO2 laser irradiations are demonstrated to write LPFGs in different types of optical fibers such as conventional glass fibers, solid-core photonic crystal fibers, and air-core photonic bandgap fibers. Second, possible mechanisms, e.g., residual stress relaxation, glass structure changes, and physical deformation, of refractive index modulations in the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are analyzed. Third, asymmetrical mode coupling, resulting from single-side laser irradiation, is discussed to understand unique optical properties of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs. Fourthly, several pretreament and post-treatment techniques are proposed to enhance the efficiency of grating fabrications. Fifthly, sensing applications of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are investigated to develop various LPFG-based temperature, strain, bend, torsion, pressure, and biochemical sensors. Finally, communication applications of the CO2-laser-induced LPFGs are investigated to develop various LPFG-based band-rejection filters, gain equalizers, polarizers, and couplers.

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Section: Polarizersmentioning

confidence: 94%

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Wang

2010

Journal of Applied Physics

220

134

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“…Optical polarizers [1,2] are important passive devices for selecting the polarization of electromagnetic waves and are widely applied to characterize the polarization state or phase of optical systems. Compared with conventional polarizers [3,4], in-fiber polarizers [5,6] have several advantages such as small size, low insertion loss and easy integration into optical fiber systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High extinction ratio D-shaped fiber polarizers coated by a double graphene/PMMA stack

Chu¹,

Guan²,

Yang³

et al. 2017

Opt. Express

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Abstract:We demonstrate theoretically and experimentally a high extinction ratio and compact size TE-pass polarizer made by a D-shaped fiber coated with a double graphene/PMMA stack. The light propagating in the core of the fiber can be efficiently coupled into the graphene sheet thanks to the giant enhancement of the modal evanescent field associated with the high refractive index graphene/PMMA cladding. The strong interaction between the light and graphene produces a large attenuation difference between modes with orthogonal polarizations, resulting in an improved extinction ratio and a reduced insertion loss due to the device compactness. A double graphene/PMMA stack coated polarizer with an extinction ratio of up to 36 dB and an insertion loss of 5 dB has been achieved when the device length is only 2.5 mm. The double graphene/PMMA stack has proved to be significantly better than single graphene/PMMA stack and bilayer graphene/PMMA structures, providing a polarizer with maximum extinction ratio of 44 dB for a length of 4 mm. The achieved results indicate that the proposed high extinction ratio polarizer is a promising candidate for novel in-fiber graphene-based devices.

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“…In-line fiber polarizers with low-insertion loss, highpolarization extinction ratio and wide operational wavelength range are often needed in optical fiber sensors and communication systems. Fiber optic polarizers have been made by coating the flat side of a side-polished conventional single-mode fiber (SMF) or a D-shaped optical fiber with a thin metal layer [11,12]. However, the complex manufacturing process means higher component cost.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fiber optic polarizers have been made by coating the flat side of a side-polished conventional single-mode fiber (SMF) or a D-shaped optical fiber with a thin metal layer [11,12]. However, the complex manufacturing process means higher component cost.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Partially liquid-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber polarizer

et al. 2011

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A compact fiber polarizer is demonstrated by the filling of selected air holes of a hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a liquid. The liquid-filling results in an asymmetric waveguide structure, leading to a large polarization dependent loss. A 6 mm long ethanol-filled PCF exhibits a polarization extinction ratio of ∼18 dB over a wavelength range from 1480 nm to 1600 nm. In-line fiber polarizers with low-insertion loss, highpolarization extinction ratio and wide operational wavelength range are often needed in optical fiber sensors and communication systems. Fiber optic polarizers have been made by coating the flat side of a side-polished conventional single-mode fiber (SMF) or a D-shaped optical fiber with a thin metal layer [11,12]. However, the complex manufacturing process means higher component cost. Combined with the PCFs, a novel polarizer based on a long period grating written on a solid-core PCF is realized [7]. However, the device suffers from a narrow operational wavelength range (∼10 nm). A fiber polarizer was made by using a pulsed CO 2 laser to deform the air holes of a hollow-core PCF [8]. The polarizer exhibits a polarization extinction ratio of more than 20 dB over an operational wavelength range of wider than 100 nm. However, the CO 2 laser irradiated region is fragile, which may be disadvantageous for practical applications. Recently, we proposed a polarizer configuration based on a partially liquid-filled hollow-core PCF [13]. The polarizer is compact and robust.In this Letter, we report the experimental demonstration of a compact polarizer based on a partially ethanolfilled hollow-core PCF. The partial filling of air holes by a liquid is realized by a simple and practical technique.To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that this technique is used to fill liquid into selected air holes so that an asymmetric waveguide structure is formed. The partial filling of liquid results in leaking out of one polarization eigen-mode, while keeping the orthogonal polarization-mode propagating along the fiber with relatively low loss. The details about the selective filling technique, the fabrication, and characterization of the polarizer are reported in following sections. Figure 1 illustrates the proposed partial liquid-filling technique. In this illustration, a solid-core PCF is shown, but the technique can be used for both solid-core and hollow-core PCFs. The PCF is firstly spliced to a SMF with a lateral offset. Most of the cladding air holes are sealed by the spliced joint while some of the air holes are left open and used for subsequent liquid-filling. The size of the unsealed region [indicated as S in Fig. 1(b)] is controlled by the lateral offset at the spliced joint. The spliced joint is

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Single-mode fiber-optic polarizer

Abstract: A technique is presented for the fabrication of high-quality single-mode fiber-optic polarizers. Properties of polarizers made using this technique include extinction ratios in excess of 60 dB as well as low loss for the desired polarization.

Cited by 141 publications

References 4 publications

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

Review of long period fiber gratings written by CO2 laser

High extinction ratio D-shaped fiber polarizers coated by a double graphene/PMMA stack

Partially liquid-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber polarizer

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