Single lens dual-aperture 3D imaging system: color modeling

Bae, Sam Y.; Korniski, Ronald J.; Ream, Allen; Fritz, Eric; Shearn, Michael

doi:10.1117/12.912001

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Compared to conventional 2D counterparts, the disparity is the most important information brought by 3D displays, which make one produce the depth perception (stereopsis). Unfortunately, the color mismatch is a common phenomenon in the 3D display system [18], which can cause visual fatigue or visual discomfort when looking at stereoscopic displays [19], [20]. However, it is possible for stereopsis and color rivalry to coexist when a common stimulus is shown to both eyes with disparity and those two monocular stimuli differ only in color but share an iso-luminance polarity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Binocular Color Fusion Limit Caused by Different Disparities

Chen¹,

Tai²,

Shi³

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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When the color asymmetry between the left and right eyes exceeds a threshold value, named binocular color fusion limit, the color rivalry is said to occur. For stereoscopic displays, the horizontal disparity is the most important information to produce depth perception. When the stereo pair stimuli are presented separately to both eyes with disparities and those two stimuli also differ in color but share an iso-luminance polarity, it is possible for stereopsis and color rivalry to coexist. In this paper, we conducted a psychophysical experiment to quantitatively measure the color fusion limit at different disparity levels. In particular, it examined how disparities affect the binocular color fusion limit. A binocular color fusion limit was measured at five relative disparity levels: 0, ±60, and ±120 arc minutes for five sample color points, which were selected from the 1976 CIE u'v' chromaticity diagram. The experimental results show that the color fusion limit for each sample point varies with the disparity magnitude, disparity sign, and color direction. It is new research finding that the color fusion limit increases as the disparity increases from −120 to +120 arc minutes. The average color fusion limit ranges from 0.036 to 0.064 in terms of Euclidean distance in the u'v' chromaticity diagram ( E u v ). The new finding shows that the human eye has different information processing mechanisms for crossed disparity (sign −) and uncrossed disparity (sign +), and uncrossed disparity can contribute to color fusion. We suggest that the color fusion limit varies with the color direction, but it has nothing to do with the distribution of cone cells. The color fusion limit was quantified by using ellipses in the chromaticity diagram, and the axis of the ellipses ranges from 0.017 to 0.145 E u v . The experiments and data analysis in this paper indicate that the binocular disparity fusion affects binocular color fusion. This research result can strongly support 3D system design and 3D content creation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Binocular Color Fusion Limit Caused by Different Disparities

Chen¹,

Tai²,

Shi³

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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“…See our previous works for opening the apertures alternately. [9][10][11] In this study, we present our effort to miniaturize a DASbased imaging system and to measure the resulting stereo depth effect (SDE). To demonstrate feasibility, a prototype was assembled using lens elements that are 3 mm in diameter, as shown in Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of a miniature single lens dual-aperture stereo imaging system towards stereo endoscopic imaging application

et al. 2012

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Studies have shown that stereo images improve surgeons' visuomotor tasks and therefore constructively affect the outcome of a minimally invasive surgery. Stereo images are captured by a stereo endoscope, which consists commonly of duplicate lens systems. However, stereo images can also be captured by a single lens system following a dual aperture scheme (DAS). DAS creates two spatially separated optical channels by placing a dual aperture plate in the limiting aperture of a single lens system. This paper describes efforts to miniaturize the DAS-based imaging system for use in minimally invasive surgery. To demonstrate feasibility, a prototype was fabricated using lens elements 3 mm in diameter and was tested for its stereo depth effect (SDE). The SDE of the prototype was then compared to a duplicate lens system that was constructed theoretically in the same diameter as the 3-mm prototype. The results show that the prototype yields 4∕7 of the SDE of the theoretical model. However, the SDE of the prototype provides sufficient SDE, in a viewing range of 1 to 2.5 cm from the lens, for minimally invasive surgery.

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