Single lead EEG acquisition system for health care applications

Electroencephalography Signal Processing: A Comprehensive Review and Analysis of Methods and Techniques

“…EEG is a neurophysiological technique used to measure and quantify neural activity in various regions of the brain. The brain consists of a large number of neurons and their activities generate distinct scalp potentials, producing signals in different states of alertness, response to external stimuli, and other factors unique to each individual [ 26 ]. To obtain data sources for various applications and research on EEG signals, appropriate acquisition equipment is essential.…”

“…In general, the frequency of an EEG signal is measured in Hz and refers to the number of cycles that occur per unit time [40]. Specifically, there are five waves that correspond to five ranges of frequencies in EEG signals [41], namely, Delta [0.5 to 4 Hz], Theta [4][5][6][7][8], Alpha [8][9][10][11][12][13], Beta [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], and Gamma [>30 Hz]. Delta waves are related to slow-wave activity in the brain and deep sleep; Theta waves are commonly observed during periods of relaxation and meditation; Alpha waves are most noticeable when the eyes are closed; Beta waves are associated with cognitive processing that is actively engaged and can be detected during tasks that require significant attention; and Gamma waves are linked to advanced cognitive processing and the merging of sensory information.…”

Brain signals analysis for sleep stages detection using virtual instrumentation platform

“…Electroencephalogram (EEG) is the term for these signals to be recorded. It's is a device that monitors and measures the various electrical processes in the brain [16]. These signals are measured with electrodes positioned in the scalp.…”