Single-layer wideband differential phase shifter using high-order multimode resonator structure

Simple ladder‐like single‐layer balanced wideband phase shifter with wide phase shift range and appropriate common‐mode suppression

“…Although the balanced phase shifter, proposed in Section 3.1, has an ultra-low phase error PE max ≃ 0° and large BW CM , it suffers from small BW p DM . In this section, a trade-off between bandwidth To reach this goal, we should slightly change the electrical length θ c of the main branch with fine steps −δ while reference branch has the same previous phase slope dΦ reference odd /dθ θ = π 2 = − k at the centre frequency f 0 [20,23]. More details are given in a flowchart as shown in Fig.…”

“…By solving equations given in the Appendix 2, the characteristic impedances Z a , Z b , and Z s are obtained. By replacing Z a , Z b , and Z s of the main branch in (14) and (23), both ΔΦ f DM and S 21 cc are plotted versus frequency. Finally, BW RL DM , BW P…”

“…A few reflection-type phase shifters are also presented in [15][16][17][18] with completely different configurations. Furthermore, a few phase shifters based on multi-mode resonators are offered in [19][20][21][22][23]. As a disadvantage for the above designs , to achieve various phase shifts, it is necessary to employ different reference lines.…”

“…the ABCD matrix of the total circuit in CM is obtained. Therefore, S21 cc of the main branch is derived in terms of total ABCD matrix (see(23)). In(23), the values of A, B, C, D, E and F are given in Appendix 3.…”

“…Therefore, S21 cc of the main branch is derived in terms of total ABCD matrix (see(23)). In(23), the values of A, B, C, D, E and F are given in Appendix 3. Since the electrical length of all transmission lines is π/2 at f 0 , we have cos θ = 0 and sin θ = 1.…”