Single‐Layer Light‐Emitting Diodes Using Organometal Halide Perovskite/Poly(ethylene oxide) Composite Thin Films

Li, Junqiang; Bade, Sri Ganesh R.; Shan, Xin; Yu, Zhibin

doi:10.1002/adma.201502490

Cited by 297 publications

(264 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…[141] Copyright 2016, Wiley. [178] thin film ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbBr3/ZnO/Ca/Ag 21 -550 2 -- [179] thin film ITO/Buf-HIL/MAPbBr3/TPBi/LiF/Al 0.577 0.125 417 4 543 20 [60] thin film ITO/c-TiO2/EA/MAPbBr3/SPB-02T/MoO3/Au 0.22 0.051 544 ~2.3 -- [27] thin film ITO/ZnO-PEI/MAPbBr3/TFB/MoO3/Au -0.8 20000 2.8 532 22 [180] thin film ITO/ZnO-PEI/MAPbI3-nCln/TFB/MoOx/Au -3.5 28* 2.2 768 37 [180] Polymer blending thin film ITO/MAPbBr3-PEO/In/Ga 0.38 0.083 4064 2.9 532 23 [181] thin film ITO/MAPbBr3-PEO/AgNWs 4.91 1.1 21014 2.6 -- [182] thin film ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbBr3-PIP/F8/Ca/Ag -1.2 200 ~3.1 534 19 [183] Solvent treatment thin film ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbBr3/SPB-02T/LiF/Ag 0.43 0.1 3490 ~2.1 540 - [184] thin film ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbBr3/Bphene/LiF/Ag 0.54 0.13 3846 3.2 528 21 [185] thin film Glass/SOCP/MAPbBr3/TPBi/LiF/Al 42.9 8.53 15000 4 -- [14] Inorganic substitution thin film ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CsPbBr3/F8/Ca/Ag 0.035 0.008 407 3 527 18 [186] Nanostructuring nano plate ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbBr3/PVK:PBD/BCP/LiF/Al -0.48 10590 3.8 20 [187] nano plate ITO/PEDOT:PSS/FAPbBr3:LiCF3SO3:TMPE/Al --1.3 11~1 2 -- [188] QD ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PVK/FAPbBr3/TPBI/LiF-Al 0.43 0.12 946 4.2 514 23 [189] QD ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PVK/CsPb(Cl/Br)3 /TPBI/LiF-Al 0.14 0.07 742 5.1 452 20 [189] QD ITO/PEDOT:PSS/PVK/CsPb(Br/I)3/TPBI/LiF-Al 0.08 0.09 528 4.6 586 23 [189] thin film ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CsPbBr3/B3PYMPM/CsCO3/Al 0.57 0.15 7276 2.8 524 18 [190] nano particle ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Poly-TPD:PFI/CsPbBr3/TPBi/LiF/Al 0.19 0.06 1377 3.5 516 18 [13] nano particle ITO/ZnO/CsPbBr3/TFB/MoO3/Ag 0.28 0.19 2335 2.8 523 19 [47] nano particle ITO/ZnO/CsPbI3/TFB/MoO3/Ag -5.7 206 -698 31 [47] nano particle ITO/ZnO/CsPbI3-nBrn/TFB/MoO3/Ag -1.4 1559 -619 29 [47] nano particle ITO/ZnO/CsPbBrnCln/TFB/MoO3/Ag -0.0074 8.7 -480 17 [47] Low dimension thin film ITO/TIO2/PEA2MAn-1PbnI3n+1/F8/MoO3/Au -8.8 80* 3.8 [16] thin film ITO/PEDOT:PSS/poly-TPD/BA2MA2Pb3I10/TPBi/LiF/Al 0.1 2.29 214 2.7 700 52 [191] thin film ITO/PEDOT:PSS/poly-TPD/BA2MA4Pb5Br16/TPBi/LiF/Al 3.48 1.01 2246 3.3 523 24 …”

Section: Light Harvester Light Emittermentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Perovskites: Effective Crystal Growth for Optoelectronic Applications

Jeon

Kim

Yoon

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

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Outstanding material properties of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites have triggered a new research insight into the next-generation solar cells. Moreover, a wide range of controllable properties of hybrid perovskites particularly depending on crystal growth conditions enables versatile high performance optoelectronic devices such as light-emitting diodes, photodetectors and lasers beyond solar cells. This invited review article highlights recent progress of the crystallization strategies of organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites for effective light harvester or light emitter. In the first part, fundamental background on the perovskite crystalline structures and relevant optoelectronic properties such as optical band-gap, electron-hole behavior and energy band alignment are introduced. In the second part, detailed overview of the effective crystallization methods for perovskites, including thermal treatment, additives, solvent mediator, laser irradiation, nanostructure, crystal dimensionality and so on, is described to offer a comprehensive correlation among perovskite processing conditions, crystalline morphology and relevant device performances. Finally, future research direction is proposed to overcome current practical bottlenecks and move towards reliable high performance perovskite optoelectronic applications.3

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Section: Light Harvester Light Emittermentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Perovskites: Effective Crystal Growth for Optoelectronic Applications

Jeon

Kim

Yoon

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…Regarding the requirements for EL applications, Yu and co-workers introduced poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) as polymer matrix for the in situ fabrication of PNCs based composite films. [70] Upon PEO incorporation, the resulted composite evolves from discrete microcrystal islands to continuous and smooth films containing PNCs, as shown in Figure 6c. As a ionic conductive polymer, PEO facilitates the migration of the ionic species in the nanocomposite under the applied bias electric field, spontaneously forming a p-i-n homojunction structure within the PEO/perovskite nanocomposite layer regardless of the layer thicknesses.…”

Section: Blended Spin-coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproduced with permission. [17,51,53,59,67,78,88] Copyright 2014-2017, American Chemical Society; [57] Copyright 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science; [58] Copyright 2012, The Chemical Society of Japan; [63,65] Copyright 2016, Springer Nature; [62,[70][71][72]117,121] Copyright 2015-2018, Wiley-VCH. mesostructured films through sol-gel treatment of TiO 2 and SiO 2 precursors within organic templating agents.…”

Section: Hard Template Assisted In Situ Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the polymer-PNC nanocomposite films, the formation of p-i-n homojunction under applied bias as mentioned above using ionic polymer was explained by time-dependent discharging current evolution, [70] transient light emission response, [70] alternating-current impedance measurements, [106] distribution of the built-in electric fields [128] and junction propagation along with layer thickness. [106] Such interior p-i-n band structure is beneficial for charge injection through a sharp self-formed tunneling barrier.…”

Section: Electroluminescencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In situ fabricated PNCs can be obtained by simply spin-coating a mixture of perovskite and polymer precursors [67][68][69][70] or through a controlled drying process [71] or swelling technique. [72,73] Such PNCs in polymer matrix (also denoted as PQD embedded composite films, PQDCF) take advantages in terms of simple processing and good film formability.…”

Section: The Roadmap Of Perovskite Nanocrystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Situ Fabricated Perovskite Nanocrystals: A Revolution in Optical Materials

Chang

Bai

Zhong

2018

Advanced Optical Materials

181

127

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in bulk halide perovskites, long carrier diffusion length, and an absorption range covering the visible solar spectrum, collectively enable the high performance of photo electricity conversion. Compared to the bulk materials, perovskite nanocrystals or quantum dots (usually denoted as PNCs or PQDs) show obvious excitonic features with enhanced photoluminescence (PL) properties due to the well-known size-dependent quantum confinement effects. [14][15][16][17] The combination of color saturated emissions, super high quantum yield (QY), as well as easy processing inspired the intensive exploration of PNCs as light emitters, which is now under spotlights in the field of optical materials.The first perspective aim of PNCs is to alternate the state-of-the-art CdSe or InP quantum dots (QDs) as new generation luminescence materials. [18,19] As shown in Figure 1, these QD materials have been well demonstrated to be potential functional components for photonic and optoelectronic applications, and are currently on the way to industrialization. [20][21][22][23] Specifically, QDs can be employed as fluorescence labels, [24] laser gain media, [25] LED phosphors, [26] and down-shifting films for LCD backlights. [27,28] They can also be processed into thin film for optoelectronic devices including solar cells, [29] photodetectors, [30,31] transistors [32] and LEDs. [33] The PNCs outcompete these conventional QDs in terms of narrower full width at half maximum (FWHM) and low fabrication cost, but most importantly, the ease of in situ preparation. [34,35] Herein, this progress report highlight the developments of in situ fabricated PNCs.Colloidal semiconductor QDs are typically synthesized ex situ in flasks by hot injection method, stabilized by surface ligands. [36][37][38][39] To incorporate such solution based materials into applications usually requires purification, redispersion and surface engineering. For instance, ligand exchange is often employed to disperse QDs into aimed solvent, inducing defects that inevitably derogating the PLQYs. [40] Moreover, the organic ligands themselves also suffer from the risk of disabsorbing, reducing the stability of the QDs and thus the final devices. [41] Because halide perovskite are ionic compounds that can be well dissolved into polar solvents, PNCs can be fabricated through either ex situ routes in flask or in situ strategies on substrates. The in situ fabricated PNCs are adaptable to devices integration due to their scalable and low-cost manufacturing. In this regard, more and more efforts have been made in terms of the controlling synthesis, physical properties and device applications of PNC materials.After over 30 years of development, colloidal quantum dots have now become mature luminescent materials in photonic and optoelectronic operations and start to hit the market. The emerging perovskite nanocrystals are expected to promote large-scale commercialization due to their superior optical properties as well as low cost and easy fabrication. This progress report is focused on the...

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