Abstract:The applications of present nanoscopy techniques for live cell imaging are limited by the long sampling time and low emitter density. Here we developed a new single frame wide-field nanoscopy based on ghost imaging via sparsity constraints (GISC Nanoscopy), in which a spatial random phase modulator is applied in a wide-field microscopy to achieve random measurement for fluorescence signals.This new method can effectively utilize the sparsity of fluorescence emitters to dramatically enhance the imaging resoluti… Show more
“…In the field of GI, CS has been used for resolution enhancement 21 – 23 , remote sensing 10 , 3D imaging 24 , and among many others 7 , 8 , 19 . However, it is still a challenging problem for GISC to operate well in the case when β is less than the Cramer–Rao bound 16 , 17 , 22 . Fig.…”
Ghost imaging (GI) facilitates image acquisition under low-light conditions by single-pixel measurements and thus has great potential in applications in various fields ranging from biomedical imaging to remote sensing. However, GI usually requires a large amount of single-pixel samplings in order to reconstruct a high-resolution image, imposing a practical limit for its applications. Here we propose a far-field super-resolution GI technique that incorporates the physical model for GI image formation into a deep neural network. The resulting hybrid neural network does not need to pre-train on any dataset, and allows the reconstruction of a far-field image with the resolution beyond the diffraction limit. Furthermore, the physical model imposes a constraint to the network output, making it effectively interpretable. We experimentally demonstrate the proposed GI technique by imaging a flying drone, and show that it outperforms some other widespread GI techniques in terms of both spatial resolution and sampling ratio. We believe that this study provides a new framework for GI, and paves a way for its practical applications.
“…In the field of GI, CS has been used for resolution enhancement 21 – 23 , remote sensing 10 , 3D imaging 24 , and among many others 7 , 8 , 19 . However, it is still a challenging problem for GISC to operate well in the case when β is less than the Cramer–Rao bound 16 , 17 , 22 . Fig.…”
Ghost imaging (GI) facilitates image acquisition under low-light conditions by single-pixel measurements and thus has great potential in applications in various fields ranging from biomedical imaging to remote sensing. However, GI usually requires a large amount of single-pixel samplings in order to reconstruct a high-resolution image, imposing a practical limit for its applications. Here we propose a far-field super-resolution GI technique that incorporates the physical model for GI image formation into a deep neural network. The resulting hybrid neural network does not need to pre-train on any dataset, and allows the reconstruction of a far-field image with the resolution beyond the diffraction limit. Furthermore, the physical model imposes a constraint to the network output, making it effectively interpretable. We experimentally demonstrate the proposed GI technique by imaging a flying drone, and show that it outperforms some other widespread GI techniques in terms of both spatial resolution and sampling ratio. We believe that this study provides a new framework for GI, and paves a way for its practical applications.
“…It is a significant step towards realising tabletop high-resolution 3D imaging of complex materials, such as biomolecules and nano-materials. Based on a random-phase modulator and GISC to get speckle patterns, Li et al 6 developed a single-frame, widefield nanoscopy with fluorescence illumination. Fluorescence is true thermal light and has important similarities.…”
Section: Reconstruction Algorithmmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on a random‐phase modulator and GISC to get speckle patterns, Li et al 6 developed a single‐frame, wide‐field nanoscopy with fluorescence illumination. Fluorescence is true thermal light and has important similarities.…”
High-resolution imaging is an important issue in various fields of scientific researches and engineering applications. Pseudothermal ghost imaging is one of the subfields of quantum imaging, providing new capabilities beyond conventional imaging methods. Also, it can provide a new viewpoint of imaging physical mechanisms. In this review, we explain the major ideas of pseudothermal ghost imaging, restricting the very important case of high-resolution imaging.We analyse the strategies which can significantly improve the image quality in pseudothermal ghost imaging. It may apply for merging it with common optical imaging methods in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) or X-ray spectral regime for driving the applications to a wider audience in bioscience and nano-physics.
K E Y W O R D Sghost imaging, microscopic, pseudothermal light, resolution
Key points1. Ghost imaging, based on multiplexing, can help overcome specific kinds of noise. It can offer a way to alleviate the irreversible damage to the sample, because the object does not interact with the CCD camera. 2. Pseudothermal light sources have a substantially higher flux, so the performance of the pseudothermal ghost imaging system can exceed those based upon parametric down-conversion sources.3. XUV and X-ray radiography are invaluable tools for the analysis of biological samples and in nano-physics. The pseudothermal ghost imaging can easily be transferred into the XUV and X-ray regime without a lens, whereas parametric down-conversion is restricted to the visible and infrared range. 4. The main drawbacks of pseudothermal ghost imaging are longer acquisition times and the large number of measurements required for image recovery. At present, the resolution of microscopic ghost imaging has never reached the level of traditional microscopic imaging.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
“…Metamaterials' electromagnetic properties are described based on the effective parameters. This characteristic gives metamaterials great potential in a variety of applications including light manipulation [1][2][3] , imaging [4][5][6] , sensing [7][8][9] , super-lenses 10,11 and several other processes, among which field-metamaterial perfect absorbers (MPAs) have been a topic of considerable research interest in recent years. MPAs generally consist of metal and dielectric elements with dynamic control features of only subwavelength thicknesses.…”
Broadband metamaterials absorbers with high absorption, ultrathin thickness and easy configurations are in great demand for many potential applications. In this paper, we first analyse the coupling resonances in a Ti/Ge/Ti three-layer absorber, which can realise broadband absorption from 8 to 12 μm. Then we experimentally demonstrate two types of absorbers based on the Ti/Ge/Si3N4/Ti configuration. By taking advantage of coupling surface plasmon resonances and intrinsic absorption of lossy material Si3N4, the average absorptions of two types of absorbers achieve almost 95% from 8 to 14 μm (experiment result: 78% from 6.5 to 13.5 μm). In order to expand the absorption bandwidth, we further propose two Ti/Si/SiO2/Ti absorbers which can absorb 92% and 87% of ultra-broadband light in the 14–30 μm and 8–30 μm spectral range, respectively. Our findings establish general and systematic strategies for guiding the design of metamaterial absorbers with excellent broadband absorption and pave the way for enhancing the optical performance in applications of infrared thermal emitters, imaging and photodetectors.
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