Single-crystal halide perovskites: Opportunities and challenges

Lei, Yusheng; Chen, Yimu; Xu, Sheng

doi:10.1016/j.matt.2021.05.002

Cited by 51 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 315 publications

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“…Metal halide perovskites, with a general formula of AMX3 (e.g., A = CH3NH3 + (MA), HC(NH2)2 + , Cs + , Rb + ; M = Pb 2+ , Sn 2+ ; X = Cl − , Br − , I − ), are emerging as next-generation optoelectronic materials because of their phenomenal performance and processability in lowcost solutions [1][2][3] . However, their practical applications have been hindered by three issues: instability 4 , electrical hysteresis 5 , and toxicity 6 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Perovskite superlattices with efficient carrier dynamics

Lei

et al. 2022

Nature

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Compared with their three-dimensional counterparts, low-dimensional metal halide perovskites with periodic inorganic/organic structures have shown promising stability and hysteresis-free electrical performance, which paves the way for next-generation optoelectronic devices. However, when integrated in devices, they have relatively limited efficiencies because devices usually require carrier transport through the film thickness direction. In conventionally grown single crystals, the carrier transport in the thickness direction is hindered by the insulating organic spacers. In addition, the strong quantum confinement from the organic spacers limits the generation and transport of free carriers. The carrier dynamics is further compromised by the presence of grain boundaries in polycrystals. Here, we report a low-dimensional metal halide perovskite superlattice with efficient carrier transport in three dimensions by epitaxial growth. Epitaxy on a slightly lattice-mismatched substrate compresses the organic spacers in the superlattice, which weakens the quantum confinement and further improves carrier dynamics. The performance of a low-dimensional perovskite superlattice solar cell has been certified under the quasi-steady state for the first time. Moreover, the device shows an unusually high open-circuit voltage, due to a unique intra-band exciton relaxation mechanism.

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confidence: 99%

Perovskite superlattices with efficient carrier dynamics

Lei

et al. 2022

Nature

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“…Layered halide perovskites consist of metal halide octahedra sandwiched by symmetrical layers of organic ligands. According to the variation in organic ligands, they can be generally classified into three types: 21–25 Ruddlesden–Popper (RP) phase, 26 Dion–Jacobson (DJ) phase 27,28 and alternating cations in the interlayer space (ACI) phase. 29 The common expression of the RP phase is L 2 A n −1 M n X 3 n +1 , where L stands for large organic ammonium cations, A for small cations ( e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quasi-2D halide perovskite crystals and their optoelectronic applications

Sheng

Xia

et al. 2022

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…4 In contrast, LHP single crystals exhibit a lower density of structural defects due to a more ordered lattice, reduced defects, and lack of internal grain boundaries. 5 Identifying the conditions for growing high-quality single crystals can be challenging. One strategy for improving crystal growth is the use of additive molecules in precursor solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, such films exhibit a high density of structural defects and grain boundaries that are difficult to control . In contrast, LHP single crystals exhibit a lower density of structural defects due to a more ordered lattice, reduced defects, and lack of internal grain boundaries . Identifying the conditions for growing high-quality single crystals can be challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principled Exploration of Bipyridine and Terpyridine Additives to Promote Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Crystallization

Hartono

Najeeb

et al. 2022

Crystal Growth & Design

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Additives in the precursor solution can promote lead-halide perovskite (LHP) crystallization. We present a systematic exploration of nine (9) bipyridine- and terpyridine-based additives selected from 29 candidates using high-throughput single-crystal growth. To combat selection bias and generate hypotheses for future experimental cycles of learning, we featurize candidate additives using Mordred descriptors and compare similarity metrics. A previously unreported additive, 6,6′-dimethyl-2,2′-dipyridyl, is shown to work particularly well (the highest top 10th percentile is ∼3.8 mm, in comparison to ∼1.9 mm without additive) in improving the crystallization of prototypical methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3). Our strategy of machine-learning-guided high-throughput experimentation is generally applicable to other crystal growth problems.

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Single-crystal halide perovskites: Opportunities and challenges

Cited by 51 publications

References 315 publications

Perovskite superlattices with efficient carrier dynamics

Perovskite superlattices with efficient carrier dynamics

Quasi-2D halide perovskite crystals and their optoelectronic applications

Principled Exploration of Bipyridine and Terpyridine Additives to Promote Methylammonium Lead Iodide Perovskite Crystallization

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