Single‐copy nuclear DNA sequences obtained from noninvasively collected primate feces

Surridge, Alison K.; Smith, Andrew C.; Buchanan‐Smith, Hannah M.; Mundy, Nicholas I.

doi:10.1002/ajp.1073

Cited by 32 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…For extraction of tissue and hair samples a QIAamp DNA mini kit (Qiagen, Crawley, UK) was used, following the manufacturer's recommended protocol. Faecal samples were extracted and amplified as described previously (Surridge et al . 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans‐specific evolution of opsin alleles and the maintenance of trichromatic colour vision in Callitrichine primates

Surridge

Mundy

2002

Molecular Ecology

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Many New World (NW) primates possess a remarkable polymorphism in an X-linked locus, which encodes for the visual pigments (opsins) used for colour vision. Females that are heterozygous for opsin alleles of different spectral sensitivity at this locus have trichromatic colour vision, whereas homozygous females and males are dichromatic, with poor colour discrimination in the red-green range. Here we describe an extensive survey of allelic variation in both exons and introns at this locus within and among species of the Callitrichines (marmosets and tamarins). All five genera of Callitrichines have the X-linked polymorphism, and only the three functional allelic classes described previously (with maximum wavelength sensitivities at about 543 nm, 556 nm and 563 nm) were found among the 16 species and 233 or more X-chromosomes sampled. In spite of the homogenizing effects of gene conversion, phylogenetic analyses provide direct evidence for trans-specific evolution of alleles over time periods of at least 5-6 million years, and up to 14 million years (estimated from independent phylogenies). These conclusions are supported by the distribution of insertions and deletions in introns. The maintenance of polymorphism over these time periods requires an adaptive explanation, which must involve a heterozygote advantage for trichromats. The lack of detection of alleles that are recombinant for spectral sensitivity suggests that such alleles are suboptimal. The two main hypotheses for the selective advantage of trichromacy in primates are frugivory for ripe fruits and folivory for young leaves. The latter can be discounted in Callitrichines, as they are not folivorous.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trans‐specific evolution of opsin alleles and the maintenance of trichromatic colour vision in Callitrichine primates

Surridge

Mundy

2002

Molecular Ecology

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“…Because of the wide variation of color vision both within and between species, New World monkeys are excellent subjects to study the utility of color vision in natural environment and thus to elucidate the selective advantage of being a trichromat or dichromat. Visual phenotypes can be determined non-invasively through DNA analyses of the opsin gene collected from fecal samples [12], [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of Achromatic Contrast in Short-Range Fruit Foraging of Primates

et al. 2008

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Trichromatic primates have a ‘red-green’ chromatic channel in addition to luminance and ‘blue-yellow’ channels. It has been argued that the red-green channel evolved in primates as an adaptation for detecting reddish or yellowish objects, such as ripe fruits, against a background of foliage. However, foraging advantages to trichromatic primates remain unverified by behavioral observation of primates in their natural habitats. New World monkeys (platyrrhines) are an excellent model for this evaluation because of the highly polymorphic nature of their color vision due to allelic variation of the L-M opsin gene on the X chromosome. In this study we carried out field observations of a group of wild, frugivorous black-handed spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi frontatus, Gray 1842, Platyrrhini), consisting of both dichromats (n = 12) and trichromats (n = 9) in Santa Rosa National Park, Costa Rica. We determined the color vision types of individuals in this group by genotyping their L-M opsin and measured foraging efficiency of each individual for fruits located at a grasping distance. Contrary to the predicted advantage for trichromats, there was no significant difference between dichromats and trichromats in foraging efficiency and we found that the luminance contrast was the main determinant of the variation of foraging efficiency among red-green, blue-yellow and luminance contrasts. Our results suggest that luminance contrast can serve as an important cue in short-range foraging attempts despite other sensory cues that could be available. Additionally, the advantage of red-green color vision in primates may not be as salient as previously thought and needs to be evaluated in further field observations.

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“…Allele sizes of PCR products were determined using an ABI Prism Genetic Analyzer 310 (Life Technology, Foster City, CA) and the softwares Gene Scan and Genotyper were used to score the allele sizes, using GS-500 TAMRA as size standard (Life Technology). In the case of DNA extracted from stool samples, PCR was run three times to minimize possible genotyping errors due to allelic dropout [Surridge et al, 2002;Taberlet et al, 1996]. We recorded an allele only if it was observed at least twice.…”

Section: Laboratory Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male reproductive strategies in black and gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya)

Oklander

Kowalewski

Corach

2013

American J Primatol

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Behavioral and demographic factors such as group size, social structure, dispersal patterns, and mating systems affect male reproductive success. In the present study, we analyze the relationship between social structure, genetic relatedness of adult males and offspring paternity in one population of Alouatta caraya inhabiting a continuous forest in Northern Argentina. After 14 months of behavioral studies and genotyping 11 microsatellites, we found that dominant or central males achieved greater mating success and fathered all the offspring conceived during our study in two multimale-multifemale groups (both including three adult males). Although skewed toward the dominant males, females copulated with almost all resident males and with extra group males. We found significantly fewer agonistic interactions between adult males in the group with fewer females and where males were more genetically related to each other (average relatedness r ¼ 0.237; 0.015 int/ind/hr vs. r ¼ 0.02; 0.029 int/ ind/hr). Paternity was also analyzed in two other neighboring groups which also showed strong skew to one male over a 2-year period. These results reveal that even though female black and gold howlers mate with many males, infants are typically fathered by one dominant male. Am. J. Primatol. 76:43-55, 2014.

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Single‐copy nuclear DNA sequences obtained from noninvasively collected primate feces

Cited by 32 publications

References 18 publications

Trans‐specific evolution of opsin alleles and the maintenance of trichromatic colour vision in Callitrichine primates

Trans‐specific evolution of opsin alleles and the maintenance of trichromatic colour vision in Callitrichine primates

Importance of Achromatic Contrast in Short-Range Fruit Foraging of Primates

Male reproductive strategies in black and gold howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya)

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