Single-charge escape processes through a hybrid turnstile in a dissipative environment

Lotkhov, S. V.; Saira, Olli-Pentti; Pekola, Jukka P.; Zorin, A. B.

doi:10.1088/1367-2630/13/1/013040

Cited by 15 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Similar to the experiment in Ref. [7], the electrometer was used to record the random state switchings of the trap, see an example in Fig. 2, and, in this way, to quantify the electron escape process across the Coulomb energy barrier in the turnstile.…”

Section: Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous work [7], a Cr resistor was found to expel the quasiparticle leak in the turnstile down to the rare single-electron escape events monitored in real time by an SET electrometer. Our present study addresses both partial contributions and the integral effect of the aforementioned improvements in a combined RC environment of a two-junction SINIS trap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Two-junction superconductor-normal metal single-electron trap in a combined on-chip RC environment

Lotkhov

Zorin

2012

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Abstract. Dissipative properties of the electromagnetic environment as well as on-chip RC filtering are shown to suppress random state switchings in the two-junction superconductor(S) -normal metal(N) electron trap. In our experiments, a local high-ohmic resistor increased the hold time of the trap by up to two orders of magnitude. A strong effect of on-chip noise filtering was observed for different on-chip geometries. The obtained results are promising for realization of the current standard on the basis of the S-N hybrid turnstile.

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Section: Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Two-junction superconductor-normal metal single-electron trap in a combined on-chip RC environment

Lotkhov

Zorin

2012

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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“…Tunnel junctions were fabricated using the standard shadow evaporation technique including an oxidation step to form the tunnel barriers [21,22]. The detailed description of our fabrication routines can be found elsewhere [18,23,24]. In the following subsections, we discuss the operation principle and introduce the parameters of the component elements used in our integrated circuit.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Single microwave photon detection and spectroscopy using small tunnel junctions have been the subject of various studies (see, e.g., [14][15][16][17][18][19]). In particular, the Coulomb blockade circuits built using Single Electron Transistors (SETs) were found to be efficient radiation detectors down to single-photon sensitivity levels in the relevant frequency range around f ∼ 100 GHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of On-Chip Generated Weak Microwave Radiation Using Superconducting Normal-Metal SET

2016

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Abstract:The present work addresses quantum interaction phenomena of microwave radiation with a single-electron tunneling system. For this study, an integrated circuit is implemented, combining on the same chip a Josephson junction (Al/AlO x /Al) oscillator and a single-electron transistor (SET) with the superconducting island (Al) and normal-conducting leads (AuPd). The transistor is demonstrated to operate as a very sensitive photon detector, sensing down to a few tens of photons per second in the microwave frequency range around f ∼ 100 GHz. On the other hand, the Josephson oscillator, realized as a two-junction SQUID and coupled to the detector via a coplanar transmission line (Al), is shown to provide a tunable source of microwave radiation: controllable variations in power or in frequency were accompanied by significant changes in the detector output, when applying magnetic flux or adjusting the voltage across the SQUID, respectively. It was also shown that the effect of substrate-mediated phonons, generated by our microwave source, on the detector output was negligibly small.

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“…The experimental layout is shown in Fig. 1 and includes a DC-SQUID-based Josephson oscillator, a two-wire transmission line and a twojunction charge trap read out by an SET electrometer [9]. We demonstrate a strong effect of controllable microwave irradiation on the switching statistics in the trap.…”

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confidence: 99%

Photon-activated electron hopping in a single-electron trap enhanced by Josephson radiation

Lotkhov

Jalali-Jafari

Zorin

2016

Applied Physics Letters

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Using a Josephson junction interferometer (DC SQUID) as a microwave source for irradiating a single-electron trap, both devices fabricated on the same chip, we study the process of photonassisted tunneling as an effective mechanism of single photon detection. High sensitivity down to a very small oscillation amplitude v J $ 10 nV ( E act Շ hf J and down to low photon absorption rates C ph $ (1-50) Hz, as well as a clear threshold type of operation with an activation energy E act $ 400 leV, is demonstrated for the trap with respect to the microwave photons of frequency f J $ (100-200) GHz. Tunable generation is demonstrated with respect to the power and frequency of the microwave signal produced by the SQUID source biased within the subgap voltage range. A much weaker effect is observed at the higher junction voltages along the quasiparticle branch of the I-V curve; this response mostly appears due to the recombination phonons. Operation of single-electron tunneling (SET) circuits is known to be significantly influenced by microwave radiation coupled to tunnel junctions. 1 The related phenomena are regularly observed in experiments in the form of noise-induced charge tunneling, and so-called photon-assisted tunneling (PAT) 2 mechanisms have been extensively studied over the last two decades, both in the normal conducting 3,4 and in the superconducting 5-10 systems with tunnel junctions. A straightforward demonstration of PAT in an electron pump has been provided in Ref. 4, where an external source of the highfrequency signal was used. Recently, several studies have been performed which involve compact experimental arrangements combining on the same chip a tunnel-junction-based source of the microwaves with a strongly coupled (also tunnel-junction-based) photon detector. 10,11 On the other hand, a dramatic reduction in the background PAT rates has been achieved with the help of a double-shielded cryogenic sample holder 12 or on-chip line filtering 13 employed for the tunneling experiments.In this letter, we report on the direct observation of the photon activated tunneling of charge in a hybrid Josephson-SET circuit, integrating on the same chip a tunable microwave source and an SET-based single-photon detector coupled to this source via a superconducting coplanar waveguide. The experimental layout is shown in Fig. 1 and includes a DC-SQUID-based Josephson oscillator, a two-wire transmission line, and a two-junction charge trap read out by an SET electrometer. 9 We demonstrate a strong effect of controllable microwave irradiation on the switching statistics in the trap. A comparison of the experimental data with the PAT theory 1,2 clearly demonstrates the quantum nature of interaction between the weak electromagnetic wave and the electron tunneling system. In contrast to our previous experiment reported in Ref. 10, the detector is placed clearly apart from the source, so that the possible acoustic (phonon-mediated) component of the signal (see, e.g., Ref. 14) reaching our detector is deliberately reduced.The oscil...

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Single-charge escape processes through a hybrid turnstile in a dissipative environment

Cited by 15 publications

References 31 publications

Two-junction superconductor-normal metal single-electron trap in a combined on-chip RC environment

Two-junction superconductor-normal metal single-electron trap in a combined on-chip RC environment

Detection of On-Chip Generated Weak Microwave Radiation Using Superconducting Normal-Metal SET

Photon-activated electron hopping in a single-electron trap enhanced by Josephson radiation

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