Single-cell sequencing of PBMC characterizes the altered transcriptomic landscape of classical monocytes in BNT162b2-induced myocarditis

Hwang, Nahee; Huh, Yune; Bu, Seong Hyeon; Seo, Kyung Jin; Kwon, Se Hwan; Kim, Jae-Woo; Yoon, Bo Kyung; Ahn, Hyo–Suk; Fang, Sungsoon

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.979188

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 62 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Notably, the Spike protein has been found in particular types of macrophages after 16 months from the last inoculations [ 113 ]. Interestingly, recruited monocyte/macrophages play a role in heart inflammation, and a transcriptomic analysis after mRNA vaccination revealed a profound alteration of these cells in people with vaccine-induced myocarditis [ 114 ]. If the recruited monocytes/macrophages express Spike, and this process is not excluded from the work in ref [ 113 ], the resolution of any inflammation could be delayed.…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Covid-19 Mrna Vaccine-induced Tissue/...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases, in Patients with Cardiac Issues, and in the Healthy Population

2023

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a challenge for the whole world since the beginning of 2020, and COVID-19 vaccines were considered crucial for disease eradication. Instead of producing classic vaccines, some companies pointed to develop products that mainly function by inducing, into the host, the production of the antigenic protein of SARS-CoV-2 called Spike, injecting an instruction based on RNA or a DNA sequence. Here, we aim to give an overview of the safety profile and the actual known adverse effects of these products in relationship with their mechanism of action. We discuss the use and safety of these products in at-risk people, especially those with autoimmune diseases or with previously reported myocarditis, but also in the general population. We debate the real necessity of administering these products with unclear long-term effects to at-risk people with autoimmune conditions, as well as to healthy people, at the time of omicron variants. This, considering the existence of therapeutic interventions, much more clearly assessed at present compared to the past, and the relatively lower aggressive nature of the new viral variants.

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Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Covid-19 Mrna Vaccine-induced Tissue/...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases, in Patients with Cardiac Issues, and in the Healthy Population

2023

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Epigenomic landscape exhibits interferon signaling suppression in the patient of myocarditis after BNT162b2 vaccination

Kim

Ahn

Hwang

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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After the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, a novel mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) was developed at an unprecedented speed. Although most countries have achieved widespread immunity from vaccines and infections, yet people, even who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection, are recommended to receive vaccination due to their effectiveness in lowering the risk of recurrent infection. However, the BNT162b2 vaccine has been reported to increase the risk of myocarditis. To our knowledge, for the first time in this study, we tracked changes in the chromatin dynamics of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the patient who underwent myocarditis after BNT162b2 vaccination. A longitudinal study of chromatin accessibility using concurrent analysis of single-cell assays for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing showed downregulation of interferon signaling and upregulated RUNX2/3 activity in PBMCs. Considering BNT162b2 vaccination increases the level of interferon-α/γ in serum, our data highlight the immune responses different from the conventional responses to the vaccination, which is possibly the key to understanding the side effects of BNT162b2 vaccination.

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Role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of myocarditis

Liu,

Han

2023

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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Myocarditis is an inflammatory heart disease that mostly affects young people. Myocarditis involves a complex immune network; however, its detailed pathogenesis is currently unclear. The diversity and plasticity of immune cells, either in the peripheral blood or in the heart, have been partially revealed in a number of previous studies involving patients and several kinds of animal models with myocarditis. It is the complexity of immune cells rather than one cell type that is the culprit. Thus, recognizing the individual intricacies within immune cells in the context of myocarditis pathogenesis and finding the key intersection of the immune network may help in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. With the vast amount of cell data gained on myocarditis and the recent application of single-cell sequencing, we summarize the multiple functions of currently recognized key immune cells in the pathogenesis of myocarditis to provide an immune background for subsequent investigations.

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Single-cell sequencing of PBMC characterizes the altered transcriptomic landscape of classical monocytes in BNT162b2-induced myocarditis

Cited by 6 publications

References 62 publications

Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases, in Patients with Cardiac Issues, and in the Healthy Population

Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases, in Patients with Cardiac Issues, and in the Healthy Population

Epigenomic landscape exhibits interferon signaling suppression in the patient of myocarditis after BNT162b2 vaccination

Role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of myocarditis

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