Single-cell immunophenotyping of the fetal immune response to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in late gestation

Matute, Juan D.; Finander, Benjamin; Pépin, David; Ai, Xinbin; Smith, Neal; Li, Jonathan; Edlow, Andrea G.; Villani, Alexandra Chloé; Lerou, Paul H.; Kalish, Brian T.

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-311000/v1

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(76 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We detect placental RNA representative of SARS-CoV-2 infection at high levels in a limited number of PE cases, and at lower levels in about 25% of placentas from COVID-19 positive mothers. There are different ways in which the infant of a RT-PCR-positive mother could be affected by SARS-CoV-2: maternal inflammation and endothelial damage may be transmitted to the placenta in the form of cytokines which might modulate the fetal immune system [ 43 ]. Alternatively, SARS-CoV-2 infection of the placenta may directly influence the fetal environment.…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent Placental SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with COVID-19-Associated Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Studies described an increased frequency of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) after a COVID-19 episode. There is limited evidence about SARS-CoV-2 viral load in placenta. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load in the placenta and clinical development of HDP after COVID-19 throughout different periods of gestation. Methods: This is a case-control study in women with and without gestational hypertensive disorders after SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosed by RT-PCR during pregnancy. Patients were matched by gestational age at the moment of COVID-19 diagnosis. We performed an analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in placenta. Results: A total of 28 women were enrolled. Sixteen patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the third trimester and the remaining 12 patients in the other trimesters. Ten placentas (35.7%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2, 9 of them (9/14, 64.3%) belonged to the HDP group versus 1 (1/14, 7.2%) in the control group (p = 0.009). Those cases with the highest loads of viral RNA developed severe preeclampsia (PE). Conclusion: Among women diagnosed with COVID-19 during pregnancy, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the placenta was more frequent among women suffering from PE or gestational hypertension. Furthermore, the most severe cases of HDP were associated with high placental viral load, not necessarily associated with a positive nasopharyngeal RT-PCR at delivery. Our data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy could trigger gestational hypertensive disorders through persistent placental infection and resulting placental damage.

show abstract

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequent Placental SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with COVID-19-Associated Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The differing maternal-infant correlation profiles for IP-10, IL-6 and IL-8 between mothers and infants in the COVID cohort suggest that the infant cytokine elevations are not merely a passive transfer of maternal cytokines passing into fetal circulation. Rather, these changes may be the result of an independent fetal immune response to maternal SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy, as also suggested by a recent study showing evidence of fetal leukocyte activation in a cohort (n=3) of cord blood samples from pregnancies affected by maternal COVID-19 in the third trimester (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…More recent publications have also identified altered expression of maternal inflammatory cytokine profiles and evidence of fetal leukocyte activation through cord blood analysis in limited sample cohorts from pregnancies with COVID-19 in the third trimester (16, 17). However, no study to date has characterized corresponding maternal and infant cytokine repertoires in larger cohorts, particularly from pregnancies with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infections in early pregnancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Evaluation of maternal-infant dyad inflammatory cytokines in pregnancies affected by maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in early and late gestation

Taglauer

Dhole

Boateng

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: SARS-CoV-2 infection induces significant inflammatory cytokine production in adults, but infant cytokine signatures in pregnancies affected by maternal SARS-CoV-2 are less well characterized. We aimed to evaluate cytokine profiles of mothers and their infants following COVID-19 in pregnancy. Study Design: Serum samples at delivery from 31 mother-infant dyads with maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy (COVID) were examined in comparison to 29 control dyads (Control). Samples were evaluated using a 13-plex cytokine assay. Results: In comparison with controls, interleukin (IL)-6 and interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) were higher in COVID maternal and infant samples (p<0.05) and IL-8 uniquely elevated in COVID infant samples (p<0.05). Significant elevations in IL-6, IP-10 and IL-8 were found among both early (1st/2nd Trimester) and late (3rd Trimester) maternal SARS-CoV-2 infections. Conclusions: Maternal SARS-CoV-2 infections throughout gestation are associated with increased maternal and infant inflammatory cytokines at birth with potential to impact long-term infant health.

show abstract

“…We detect placental RNA representative of SARS-CoV-2 infection at high levels in a limited number of PE cases, and at lower levels in about 25% of placentas from COVID-19 positive mothers. There are different ways in which the infant of a PCR positive mother could be affected by SARS-CoV2: maternal inflammation and endothelial damage may be transmitted to the placenta in the form of cytokines which might modulate the fetal immune system [43]. Alternatively, SARS-CoV-2 infection of the placenta may directly influence the fetal environment.…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High viral SARS-CoV-2 load in placenta of patients with hypertensive disorders after COVID-19 during pregnancy

Fabre¹,

Calvo

Ruiz

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction: Studies described an increased frequency of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy after a COVID-19 episode. There is limited evidence about SARS-CoV-2 viral load in placenta. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 viral load in placenta and clinical development of HDP after COVID-19 throughout different periods of gestation. Methods: This was a case-control study in women with and without gestational hypertensive disorders (HDP) after SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosed by RT-PCR during pregnancy. Patients were matched by gestational age at the moment of COVID-19 diagnosis. We performed an analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in placenta. Results: A total of 28 women were enrolled. Sixteen patients were diagnosed with COVID-19 during the third trimester and the remaining twelve patients in the others trimesters. Ten placentas (35.7%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2, nine of them (90%) belonged to the HDP group versus one (10%) in control group (p=0.009). Those cases with the highest loads of viral RNA developed severe-preeclampsia. Conclusion: The presence of SARS-CoV-2 was more frequent in placentas of patients with HDP after COVID-19. There seems to be a relationship between high viral load in the placenta and the development of hypertensive disorders. We found SARS-CoV-2 viral load in placenta after birth in mothers infected at the first half of pregnancy, but with negative nasopharyngeal RT-PCR at delivery. Our data suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy could trigger gestational hypertensive disorders through placenta-related mechanisms.

show abstract

Single-cell immunophenotyping of the fetal immune response to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in late gestation

Cited by 8 publications

References 76 publications

Frequent Placental SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with COVID-19-Associated Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Frequent Placental SARS-CoV-2 in Patients with COVID-19-Associated Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Evaluation of maternal-infant dyad inflammatory cytokines in pregnancies affected by maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection in early and late gestation

High viral SARS-CoV-2 load in placenta of patients with hypertensive disorders after COVID-19 during pregnancy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About