Single cell gel electrophoresis assay: sensitivity of peripheral white blood cells in human population studies

Šrám, Radìm J.; Podrazilova, Katerina; Dejmek, J; Mračková, Gabriela; Pilčı́k, Tomáš

doi:10.1093/mutage/13.1.99

Cited by 63 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…During the last 10 years, a rapid and sensitive technique -the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis, SCGE) -has gained widespread acceptance in molecular epidemiology studies. The DNA damage evaluated by the comet assay is utilized as a biomarker of exposure (Collins et al, 1997;Tram et al, 1998;Kopjar and Garaj-Vrhovac, 2001;Garaj-Vrhovac and Kopjar, 2003). The comet assay permits the detection of primary DNA damage and the study of repair kinetics at the level of single cells (Olive, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into possible DNA damaging effects of ultrasound in occupationally exposed medical personnel — the alkaline comet assay study

Garaj-Vrhovac

Kopjar

2005

J. Appl. Toxicol.

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In the present paper the possible DNA damaging effects of ultrasound in occupationally exposed medical personnel were investigated using the alkaline comet assay. The extent of DNA migration in peripheral blood leucocytes was measured. Parameters of the comet assay were studied in 30 medical workers occupationally exposed to ultrasound and in 30 corresponding unexposed control subjects. It was found that the subjects who were occupationally exposed to ultrasound for various periods of time showed a highly significant increase in levels of DNA damage compared with the control. The results obtained have confirmed the usefulness of the alkaline comet assay as a sensitive biodosimetric method, reflecting the current level of DNA damage and/or repair in peripheral blood leucocytes of ultrasound-exposed subjects. In spite of their limitations, the results of the present investigation indicate that individuals occupationally exposed to ultrasound may experience an increased genotoxic risk, emphasizing the need for more research into the nature and extent of the biological consequences to medical personnel working with ultrasonic equipment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into possible DNA damaging effects of ultrasound in occupationally exposed medical personnel — the alkaline comet assay study

Garaj-Vrhovac

Kopjar

2005

J. Appl. Toxicol.

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“…No difference was seen in % tail DNA in leukocytes of either maternal or cord blood [15]. Human biomonitoring studies were also carried out in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany where a 3.5-fold increase was found in DNA SBs in lymphocytes of children living near a coke oven plant in Duisburg North, compared with children from a rural area [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric pollution in Kosovo is associated with increased DNA damage in the human population

Alija¹,

Asllani²,

Bajraktari³

et al. 2016

Biomonitoring

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Abstract:In order to assess DNA damage associated with exposure to environmental pollution in two polluted sites and one control site in Kosovo, whole blood samples were collected from volunteers in two polluted areas (Kastriot/ Obiliq - lignite-based power plants and lignite mines - and Drenas/Gllogovc - Ferronikeli smelting plant) as well as from Peja, representing an unpolluted area. White blood cells were isolated, and DNA damage was analyzed by the alkaline comet assay. Significantly higher levels of DNA damage (strand breaks) were found in white blood cells from subjects living in the polluted areas compared with residents of the unpolluted city, indicating a potential threat to human health.

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“…No effect was seen in mothers or newborns on Comet parameters (69) and DNA adducts (70), in policemen on 1-OH-pyrene in urine (as well as GSTT1) (77), or in smokers on DNA (91,92) and protein (91) adducts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Epidemiology Studies on Occupational and Environmental Exposure to Mutagens and Carcinogens, 1997-1999

Srám¹,

Binková²

2000

Environmental Health Perspectives

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Molecular epidemiology is a new and evolving area of research, combining laboratory measurement of internal dose, biologically effective dose, biologic effects, and influence of individual susceptibility with epidemiologic methodologies. Biomarkers evaluated were selected according to basic scheme: biomarkers of exposure-metabolites in urine, DNA adducts, protein adducts, and Comet assay parameters; biomarkers of effect-chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, micronuclei, mutations in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene, and the activation of oncogenes coding for p53 or p21 proteins as measured on protein levels; biomarkers of susceptibility-genetic polymorphisms of genes CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1, NAT2. DNA adducts measured by 32P-postlabeling are the biomarker of choice for the evaluation of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Protein adducts are useful as a biomarker for exposure to tobacco smoke (4-aminobiphenyl) or to smaller molecules such as acrylonitrile or 1,3-butadiene. Of the biomarkers of effect, the most common are cytogenetic end points. Epidemiologic studies support the use of chromosomal breakage as a relevant biomarker of cancer risk. The use of the Comet assay and methods analyzing oxidative DNA damage needs reliable validation for human biomonitoring. Until now there have not been sufficient data to interpret the relationship between genotypes, biomarkers of exposure, and biomarkers of effect for assessing the risk of human exposure to mutagens and carcinogens. Key words: air pollution, benzene, biomarkers, coke oven, genotypes, occupational exposure, PAHs, pesticides, tobacco smoke. -Envwron Health Perspect 1 08(suppl 1):57-70 (2000). http.//ehpnetl. niehs. nih.gov/docs/2000/suppl-1/57-70sram/abstract. html A new and evolving area of research termed molecular epidemiology attempts to merge sophisticated and highly sensitive laboratory methods (many of them developed during the recent revolution in molecular biology) with analytical epidemiologic methods. Molecular epidemiology bridges basic research in molecular biology and studies of human cancer causation by combining laboratory measurement of internal dose, biologically effective dose, biologic effects, and the influence of individual susceptibility with epidemiologic methodologies (1). The most common view is that the approach represents a natural convergence of molecular biology and epidemiology (2).The number of biomarkers available for evaluating genetic and cancer risk in humans is quite large. Their utility-for human biomonitoring is suggested by the well-known paradigm of environmentally induced cancer, which represents end points for assessing the entire spectrum of human-genotoxicant interactions (3). These biomarkers begin with exposure and include absorption, metabolism, distribution, critical target interaction (i.e., DNA damage and repair), genetic changes, and finally, disease, which is the province of traditional epidemiology. The development of biomarkers has given rise to the field of ...

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Single cell gel electrophoresis assay: sensitivity of peripheral white blood cells in human population studies

Cited by 63 publications

References 14 publications

Investigation into possible DNA damaging effects of ultrasound in occupationally exposed medical personnel — the alkaline comet assay study

Investigation into possible DNA damaging effects of ultrasound in occupationally exposed medical personnel — the alkaline comet assay study

Atmospheric pollution in Kosovo is associated with increased DNA damage in the human population

Molecular Epidemiology Studies on Occupational and Environmental Exposure to Mutagens and Carcinogens, 1997-1999

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