Single-cell and spatial analyses reveal a tradeoff between murine mammary proliferation and lineage programs associated with endocrine cues

Oxygen tension-dependent variability in the cancer cell kinome impacts signaling pathways and response to targeted therapies

“… 43 A recent study of major epithelial cell types of mouse mammary gland showed the expression of PDGFRβ protein in basal-myoepithelial cells, almost to levels observed in fibroblasts. 44 Similar to basal-myoepithelial cells, a fraction of cells in cluster 6 expressed both PDGFRβ and KRT14 under physioxia ( Figure S3 D). Furthermore, cluster 9 cells under physioxia expressed higher levels of KRT14 compared to those in ambient air ( Figure S3 D).…”

“…In this regard, basal-myoepithelial cells in mouse mammary gland have recently been shown to express PDGFRβ despite their epithelial phenotype. 44 Furthermore, higher expression of PDGFRβ has been associated with late-stage mammary tumors. Notably, Jechlinger and colleagues 38 reported the expression of PDGFRβ in late-stage, invasive breast intraductal carcinomas, compared to healthy breast tissue.…”

ABCD4 is associated with mammary gland development in mammals

“…Hormonal cues during puberty stimulate epithelial cell proliferation, resulting in the elongation and branching of ductal networks [ 4 ]. Elevated epithelial cell proliferation during pregnancy forms alveolar structures necessary for milk synthesis, while lactation involves ongoing proliferation to meet heightened milk demand [ 5 , 6 ]. Subsequently, involution entails significant epithelial cell apoptosis, facilitating glandular regression and returning to a quiescent state [ 2 , 7 ].…”