Single cell active force generation under dynamic loading – Part I: AFM experiments

Weafer, Paul; Reynolds, Noel H.; Jarvis, Suzanne P.; McGarry, J. Patrick

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2015.09.006

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In comparison, testing of single cells (e.g. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)) will result in a high level of variability between samples, and the assumption of a homogeneous isotropic material cannot be justified when choosing a model to interpret single cell data (Reynolds and McGarry, 2015; Weafer et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of adhesion junctions in the biomechanical behaviour and osteogenic differentiation of 3D mesenchymal stem cell spheroids

Griffin

Schiavi

McDevitt

et al. 2017

Journal of Biomechanics

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Osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) can be regulated by the mechanical environment. MSCs grown in 3D spheroids (mesenspheres) have preserved multi-lineage potential, improved differentiation efficiency, and exhibit enhanced osteogenic gene expression and matrix composition in comparison to MSCs grown in 2D culture. Within 3D mesenspheres, mechanical cues are primarily in the form of cell-cell contraction, mediated by adhesion junctions, and as such adhesion junctions are likely to play an important role in the osteogenic differentiation of mesenspheres. However the precise role of N- and OB-cadherin on the biomechanical behaviour of mesenspheres remains unknown. Here we have mechanically tested mesenspheres cultured in suspension using parallel plate compression to assess the influence of N-cadherin and OB-cadherin adhesion junctions on the viscoelastic properties of the mesenspheres during osteogenesis. Our results demonstrate that N-cadherin and OB-cadherin have different effects on mesensphere viscoelastic behaviour and osteogenesis. When OB-cadherin was silenced, the viscosity, initial and long term Young's moduli and actin stress fibre formation of the mesenspheres increased in comparison to N-cadherin silenced mesenspheres and mesenspheres treated with a scrambled siRNA (Scram) at day 2. Additionally, the increased viscoelastic material properties correlate with evidence of calcification at an earlier time point (day 7) of OB-cadherin silenced mesenspheres but not Scram. Interestingly, both N-cadherin and OB-cadherin silenced mesenspheres had higher BSP2 expression than Scram at day 14. Taken together, these results indicate that N-cadherin and OB-cadherin both influence mesensphere biomechanics and osteogenesis, but play different roles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of adhesion junctions in the biomechanical behaviour and osteogenic differentiation of 3D mesenchymal stem cell spheroids

Griffin

Schiavi

McDevitt

et al. 2017

Journal of Biomechanics

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“…The AFM technique can also be used to study the active and passive behaviour of individual cells [33][34][35] and can be adapted for cell pair studies in single-cell force spectroscopy (SCFS), where a single cell adhered to the cantilever beam serves as the probe tip (figure 1c) [36]. Furthermore, various methods are developed to study the response of single cells and cell doublets in tension and compression tests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active viscoelastic models for cell and tissue mechanics

Tajvidi Safa,

Huang,

Kabla

et al. 2024

R. Soc. Open Sci.

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Living cells are out of equilibrium active materials. Cell-generated forces are transmitted across the cytoskeleton network and to the extracellular environment. These active force interactions shape cellular mechanical behaviour, trigger mechano-sensing, regulate cell adaptation to the microenvironment and can affect disease outcomes. In recent years, the mechanobiology community has witnessed the emergence of many experimental and theoretical approaches to study cells as mechanically active materials. In this review, we highlight recent advancements in incorporating active characteristics of cellular behaviour at different length scales into classic viscoelastic models by either adding an active tension-generating element or adjusting the resting length of an elastic element in the model. Summarizing the two groups of approaches, we will review the formulation and application of these models to understand cellular adaptation mechanisms in response to various types of mechanical stimuli, such as the effect of extracellular matrix properties and external loadings or deformations.

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“…The understanding of cell mechanics has progressed thanks to the development of micromanipulation techniques such as micropipette aspiration [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] , indentation techniques [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] , and others [19][20][21] . Microfluidics-based approaches now allow high-throughput mechanical measurements [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-cell immuno-mechanics: rapid viscoelastic changes are a hall-mark of early leukocyte activation

Zak

Cortés

Sadoun

et al. 2019

Preprint

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143 words/150) To accomplish their critical task of removing infected cells and fighting pathogens, leukocytes activate by forming specialized interfaces with other cells. Using an innovative micropipette rheometer, we show in three different cell types that when stimulated by microbeads mimicking target cells, leukocytes become up to ten times stiffer and more viscous. These mechanical changes initiate within seconds after contact and evolve rapidly over minutes. Remarkably, leukocyte elastic and viscous properties evolve in parallel, preserving a well-defined ratio that constitutes a mechanical signature specific to each cell type. The current results indicate that simultaneously tracking both elastic and viscous properties during an active cell process provides a new way to investigate cell mechanical processes. Our findings also suggest that dynamic immuno-mechanical measurements provide an identifier of leukocyte type and an indicator of the cell's state of activation.

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Single cell active force generation under dynamic loading – Part I: AFM experiments

Cited by 12 publications

References 62 publications

The role of adhesion junctions in the biomechanical behaviour and osteogenic differentiation of 3D mesenchymal stem cell spheroids

The role of adhesion junctions in the biomechanical behaviour and osteogenic differentiation of 3D mesenchymal stem cell spheroids

Active viscoelastic models for cell and tissue mechanics

Single-cell immuno-mechanics: rapid viscoelastic changes are a hall-mark of early leukocyte activation

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