Single‐atom Pt on carbon nanotubes for selective electrocatalysis
Samuel S. Hardisty,
Xiaoqian Lin,
Anthony R. J. Kucernak
et al.
Abstract:Utilizing supported single atoms as catalysts presents an opportunity to reduce the usage of critical raw materials such as platinum, which are essential for electrochemical reactions such as hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). Herein, we describe the synthesis of a Pt single electrocatalyst inside single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) via a redox reaction. Characterizations via electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron microscopy, and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy show the single‐atom nature of the Pt. The el… Show more
“…Due to the unique electronic structure of single atoms, SACs can greatly improve the intrinsic catalytic activity of metal atom active centers, which brings breakthroughs to nonnoble metal-based catalysts (e.g., Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, W, Mo, etc.). [132] Generally, these metals are commonly loaded on two substrates, which are carbonbased materials, such as graphene, [133] nanotubes, [134] and organic frameworks, [98] and metal oxides, [135] or sulfides. [136] Among the extensively investigated nonnoble metal-based transition metal SACs, Co and Fe are the most commonly used, so the following will mainly introduce the relevant progress of Co-based and Febased SACs.…”
Section: Nonnoble Metal Single-atom Electrocatalystsmentioning
Electrocatalysis, which involves oxidation and reduction reactions with direct electron transfer, is essential for a variety of clean energy conversion devices. Currently, the vast majority of studies regarding electrocatalysis reactions focus on strong acidic or alkaline media because of the higher catalytic activity. Nevertheless, some inherent drawbacks, including the corrosive environment, expensive proton exchange membranes, and side effects, are still hard to break through. A sustainably promising way to overcome these shortcomings is to deploy neutral/near‐neutral electrolytes for electrocatalysis reactions. Unfortunately, insufficient research in this area due to the lack of attention to related issues has slowed down the development process. In this review, we systematically review the catalytic reaction mechanisms, neutral electrolytes, electrocatalysts, and modification strategies carried out in neutral media on the three most common electrocatalytic reactions, that is, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, and oxygen evolution reaction. Furthermore, the advanced characterization tools for guiding catalyst synthesis and mechanistic studies are also summarized. Eventually, we propose some challenges and perspectives on electrocatalysis reactions in neutral media and hope it will attract more research interest and provide guidance in neutral electrocatalysis.
“…Due to the unique electronic structure of single atoms, SACs can greatly improve the intrinsic catalytic activity of metal atom active centers, which brings breakthroughs to nonnoble metal-based catalysts (e.g., Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, W, Mo, etc.). [132] Generally, these metals are commonly loaded on two substrates, which are carbonbased materials, such as graphene, [133] nanotubes, [134] and organic frameworks, [98] and metal oxides, [135] or sulfides. [136] Among the extensively investigated nonnoble metal-based transition metal SACs, Co and Fe are the most commonly used, so the following will mainly introduce the relevant progress of Co-based and Febased SACs.…”
Section: Nonnoble Metal Single-atom Electrocatalystsmentioning
Electrocatalysis, which involves oxidation and reduction reactions with direct electron transfer, is essential for a variety of clean energy conversion devices. Currently, the vast majority of studies regarding electrocatalysis reactions focus on strong acidic or alkaline media because of the higher catalytic activity. Nevertheless, some inherent drawbacks, including the corrosive environment, expensive proton exchange membranes, and side effects, are still hard to break through. A sustainably promising way to overcome these shortcomings is to deploy neutral/near‐neutral electrolytes for electrocatalysis reactions. Unfortunately, insufficient research in this area due to the lack of attention to related issues has slowed down the development process. In this review, we systematically review the catalytic reaction mechanisms, neutral electrolytes, electrocatalysts, and modification strategies carried out in neutral media on the three most common electrocatalytic reactions, that is, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, and oxygen evolution reaction. Furthermore, the advanced characterization tools for guiding catalyst synthesis and mechanistic studies are also summarized. Eventually, we propose some challenges and perspectives on electrocatalysis reactions in neutral media and hope it will attract more research interest and provide guidance in neutral electrocatalysis.
“…Recently, the development of earth-abundant transition-metal-based compounds has aimed to search for substitutes of traditional noble-metal OER electrocatalysts, including metal oxides, , phosphides, sulfides, nitrides, , hydroxides, oxyhydroxides, , single atom catalysts, alloys, , etc. Among the various electrocatalysts, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are organic–inorganic hybrid crystalline porous materials that are formed through coordination between central metal ions and organic ligands .…”
Developing highly efficient, cost-effective, non-noble-metal-based electrocatalysts with superior performance and stability for oxygen evolution reactions is of immense challenge as well as great importance for the upcoming sustainable and green energy conversion technologies. The multivariate metal− organic frameworks with hierarchical porous structures and unsaturated coordination modes are considered to be promising emerging energy materials. In this work, a series of multimetallic MOFs were directly grown on nickel foam (NF) through the solvothermal method. Notably, the optimized tetrametallic FeCoNiMn-MOF/NF shows a low overpotential of 239 mV to achieve a current density of 50 mA cm −2 with a Tafel slope of 62.05 mV dec −1 for OER in 1 M KOH. It also exhibits excellent stability and durability over 100 h in chronoamperometric studies. The enhanced performance is closely tied to the high activity of iron and nickel ions and the decomposed and reconstructed Ni/ Fe−OOH intermediates of the FeCoNiMn-MOF/NF during the OER process, which are revealed by XPS analysis and in situ Raman spectroscopy. This present work demonstrates the feasibility and advantage of utilizing highly efficient and durable multimetallic MOFs for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution.
“…8,9 The low density and stable chemical properties of carbon nanomaterials allow them to fulfill the requirements of ideal EMW absorbent materials, which include a strong reflection loss (RL) peak and light weight; therefore, carbon nanomaterials are better than standard solid EMW absorbers with a high density and filling ratio. 10–12…”
The electromagnetic wave absorption performance of “dahlia-like” nitrogen-doped single-walled carbon nanohorns (NSWCNHs) got improved after modification by dielectric barrier discharge.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.