Single application of a new polymer-coated urea improves yield while mitigates environmental issues associated with winter wheat grown in rice paddy soil

Split application of polymer-coated urea combined with common urea improved nitrogen efficiency without sacrificing wheat yield and benefits while saving 20% nitrogen input

“…The sufficient N supply in M2 and M3 at the later growth stage not only reduced the death of tillers, but also promoted the assimilation accumulation and grain filling ( Ma et al., 2021 ). Shen et al. (2022) also confirmed that CRNF applied once pre-sowing caused insufficient N supply after jointing, which was detrimental to effective tiller-earing and limited the yield increase.…”

“…The application of CRNF has been proven to reduce the risk of soil N loss t and promote the N uptake by wheat, thus improving NUE ( Zheng et al., 2016b ; Lü et al., 2023 ; Zhang et al., 2024 ). Some studies believe that one-time application of CRNF could simultaneously meet the N demand in the early and later growth stages of wheat, thereby promoting the N absorption and utilization of plants and improving the N harvest index ( Zheng et al., 2016a ; Shen et al., 2022 ; Wang et al., 2023 ). However, our observation showed that M1 promoted the wheat N uptake before jointing, but significantly decreased N uptake from jointing to maturity stage compared with M2 and M3, contributing to significantly lower N accumulation at the maturity stage ( Figures 3 , 4 ).…”

Recent Development of Versatile Polyphenol Platforms in Fertilizers and Pesticides

“…A field experiment was also conducted spanning three wheat-growing seasons to examine the efficacy of a single application of these fertilizer complexes on the grain yield, nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), reactive nitrogen losses, and net ecosystem economic benefit (NEEB). 35 Basal application of the complexes increased the grain yield by 15.7%, NUE by 51.1%, and NEEB by 45.1% while reducing nitrogen losses by 35.7% compared to three-split applications of urea at 240 kg ha −1 . Fe(III)−tannic acid-modified polyacrylates were also used to coat urea, providing better controlled release of nutrients.…”

“…Substituting a basal application of fertilizer complexes is a viable alternative for improving nitrogen use efficiency and reducing nitrogen pollution in intensive rice agroecosystems. A field experiment was also conducted spanning three wheat-growing seasons to examine the efficacy of a single application of these fertilizer complexes on the grain yield, nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), reactive nitrogen losses, and net ecosystem economic benefit (NEEB) . Basal application of the complexes increased the grain yield by 15.7%, NUE by 51.1%, and NEEB by 45.1% while reducing nitrogen losses by 35.7% compared to three-split applications of urea at 240 kg ha –1 .…”

Nanomaterials in plant management: functions, mechanisms and prospects

“…Nano-fertilizers composed of macro- or micro-elements can be up to ∼19% more efficient than conventional fertilizers at nominal concentrations, and are therefore strong candidates for replacement of conventional fertilizers. 19 For instance, use modified waterborne polymer-coated urea increased nitrogen use efficiency by 51.1% compare to normal urea, 20 and use NMs containing phosphorus, such as nanocrystalline apatite and amorphous calcium phosphate NPs can increase the use efficiency of phosphorus, both materials are intrinsically composed of macronutrients, namely calcium and phosphorus, which can be gradually delivered simultaneously with particle dissolution, limiting nutrient losses by soil fixation or run-off. 21 More interestingly, application of NMs composed of certain elements can synergistically improve uptake of other beneficial elements.…”