Singing Is a Risk Factor for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Case-Control Study of Karaoke-Related Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreaks in 2 Cities in Hokkaido, Japan, Linked by Whole Genome Analysis

Nakashita, Manami; Takagi, Yoshiteru; Tanaka, Hiroyuki; Nakamura, Haruna; Serizawa, Yusuke; Ukai, Tomohiko; Azuma, Kotaro; Chiba, Hiroko; Terada, Kensaku; Nakanishi, Kaori; Fujikawa, Takuya; Saito, Kayoko; Yamaguchi, Ryo; Mitsuhashi, Yuu; Yano, Koichi; Shibuma, Tomoko; Kuzuma, Akemi; Tsuda, Shinichiro; Sadamoto, Tomoko; Ishii, Yasuhiko; Ohara, Tsukasa; Hitomi, Yoshiaki; Hiroshima, Takashi; Yamagishi, Takashi; Kamiya, Hajime; Samuel, Anita; Yahata, Yuichiro; Shimada, Tomoe; Arima, Yuzo; Suzuki, Motoi; Sekizuka, Tsuyoshi; Kuroda, Makoto; Sunagawa, Tomimasa

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofac158

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…4 a)). The calculated high infection risk for singing is supported by several previous singing-related COVID-19 outbreaks: the karaoke-related outbreaks in bars in Sapporo and Otaru (Japan) [ 71 ], the indoor choir rehearsals in Whir au Val (France) [ 72 ], Amsterdam (The Netherlands) [ 73 ] and Skagit County ( ) [ 74 ]. As the pandemic progressed, new and more infectious variants of SARS-CoV-2 emerged.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

New dose-response model and SARS-CoV-2 quanta emission rates for calculating the long-range airborne infection risk

Aganović

Cao

Kurnitski

et al. 2023

Building and Environment

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

New dose-response model and SARS-CoV-2 quanta emission rates for calculating the long-range airborne infection risk

Aganović

Cao

Kurnitski

et al. 2023

Building and Environment

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“…Breathing produces fewer and smaller particles than singing and speaking ( 35 ). Underpinned by the observation that engaging in karaoke (singing in the company of others, often in small rooms) involves an increased risk of spreading infections viruses ( 185 ). A study by Hersen et al ( 186 ) showed that exhaled breaths from subjects with symptoms of respiratory infections contained more small aerosols (particles <1 μm) than exhaled breaths from healthy subjects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of acute respiratory infections in day-care by non-pharmaceutical interventions: a narrative review

Andrup,

Krogfelt,

Stephansen

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveChildren who start in day-care have 2–4 times as many respiratory infections compared to children who are cared for at home, and day-care staff are among the employees with the highest absenteeism. The extensive new knowledge that has been generated in the COVID-19 era should be used in the prevention measures we prioritize. The purpose of this narrative review is to answer the questions: Which respiratory viruses are the most significant in day-care centers and similar indoor environments? What do we know about the transmission route of these viruses? What evidence is there for the effectiveness of different non-pharmaceutical prevention measures?DesignLiterature searches with different terms related to respiratory infections in humans, mitigation strategies, viral transmission mechanisms, and with special focus on day-care, kindergarten or child nurseries, were conducted in PubMed database and Web of Science. Searches with each of the main viruses in combination with transmission, infectivity, and infectious spread were conducted separately supplemented through the references of articles that were retrieved.ResultsFive viruses were found to be responsible for ≈95% of respiratory infections: rhinovirus, (RV), influenza virus (IV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronavirus (CoV), and adenovirus (AdV). Novel research, emerged during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggests that most respiratory viruses are primarily transmitted in an airborne manner carried by aerosols (microdroplets).ConclusionSince airborne transmission is dominant for the most common respiratory viruses, the most important preventive measures consist of better indoor air quality that reduces viral concentrations and viability by appropriate ventilation strategies. Furthermore, control of the relative humidity and temperature, which ensures optimal respiratory functionality and, together with low resident density (or mask use) and increased time outdoors, can reduce the occurrence of respiratory infections.

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“…Karaoke and group singing are popular social activities among the elderly in Japan [ 19 ]. Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection was reported when large groups of people participated in karaoke in an enclosed, poorly ventilated room [ 19 , 20 ]. In the third period, SARS-CoV-2 infection spread mainly among those in their 20s to 50s, largely within families, nursing homes, and companies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection rate among close contacts of patients with coronavirus disease in Japan: a descriptive study and literature review

Yamamura,

Onishi,

Sakamaki

et al. 2023

Asian Biomedicine

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Background In Japan, on April 20, 2020, the definition of a close contact regarding coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was changed from a long-term contact time to a specified contact time of 15 min and from a contact distance of 2 m to 1 m. Objectives We aimed to determine the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rate among close contacts of patients with COVID-19 and determine the impact of the infection on transmission among close contacts. Methods The numbers of SARS-CoV-2 tests, SARS-CoV-2-positive cases, and close contacts of patients with COVID-19 were assessed between March 2020 and February 2021 in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. The study period was subdivided into 3 periods. The second and third period contained data with the changed definition of close contact. Results Overall, 32,238 SARS-CoV-2 tests were performed. There were 545 patients with COVID-19 and 1487 close contacts, of whom 267 tested positive. The highest infection rate occurred in period 3. Distance, protective measures, and contact time with COVID-19 patients influenced the increased infection rate. The infection rate showed a rising trend from 11.1% in period 1 to 19.2% and 20.0% in periods 2 and 3, respectively (Cochran–Armitage test; P < 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed that female sex was an independent risk factor for infection of close contacts (odds ratio: 2.23; 95% confidence interval: 1.700–2.930). Conclusions Female sex is a risk factor for transmission by close contacts. The rate of infection among close contacts may be associated with contact time, contact distance, and protective measures.

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Singing Is a Risk Factor for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Case-Control Study of Karaoke-Related Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreaks in 2 Cities in Hokkaido, Japan, Linked by Whole Genome Analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

New dose-response model and SARS-CoV-2 quanta emission rates for calculating the long-range airborne infection risk

New dose-response model and SARS-CoV-2 quanta emission rates for calculating the long-range airborne infection risk

Reduction of acute respiratory infections in day-care by non-pharmaceutical interventions: a narrative review

Infection rate among close contacts of patients with coronavirus disease in Japan: a descriptive study and literature review

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