Simvastatin versus atorvastatin for improving mild to moderate depression in post-coronary artery bypass graft patients: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial

Abbasi, Seyed Hesameddin; Mohammadinejad, Payam; Shahmansouri, Nazila; Salehiomran, Abbas; Beglar, Akram Arjmandi; Zeinoddini, Atefeh; Forghani, Saeedeh; Akhondzadeh, Shahin

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.04.049

Cited by 51 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In patients after an acute coronary event, statins were comparable to escitalopram in reduction of depression, with the combination numerically superior to monotherapy with either (S. W. Kim et al, ). Simvastatin was shown to be more effective than atorvastatin at reducing depressive symptoms following coronary artery bypass grafting (GABG) surgery in a small cohort of patients (n = 46) (Abbasi et al, ). Neither pravastatin nor lovastatin add‐on therapies were shown to lessen symptom severity in schizophrenia, though pravastatin‐reduced peripheral inflammatory markers (Ghanizadeh, Rezaee, Dehbozorgi, Berk, & Akhondzadeh, ; Vincenzi et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative neuroprotective pharmacotherapies to target the staged progression of mental illness

Robertson

Coronado

Sethi

et al. 2019

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim: Neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, bipolar and schizophrenia frequently exhibit a neuroprogressive course from prodrome to chronicity. There are a range of agents exhibiting capacity to attenuate biological mechanisms associated with neuroprogression. This review will update the evidence for putative neuroprotective agents including clinical efficacy, mechanisms of action and limitations in current assessment tools, and identify novel agents with neuroprotective potential.Method: Data for this review were sourced from online databases PUBMED, Embase and Web of Science. Only data published since 2012 were included in this review, no data were excluded based on language or publication origin.Results: Each of the agents reviewed inhibit one or multiple pathways of neuroprogression including: inflammatory gene expression and cytokine release, oxidative and nitrosative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurotrophin dysregulation and apoptotic signalling. Some demonstrate clinical efficacy in preventing neural damage or loss, relapse or cognitive/functional decline. Agents include: the psychotropic medications lithium, second generation antipsychotics and antidepressants; other pharmacological agents such as minocycline, aspirin, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, statins, ketamine and alpha-2-delta ligands; and others such as erythropoietin, oestrogen, leptin, N-acetylcysteine, curcumin, melatonin and ebselen.Conclusions: Signals of evidence of clinical neuroprotection are evident for a number of candidate agents. Adjunctive use of multiple agents may present a viable avenue to clinical realization of neuroprotection. Definitive prospective studies of neuroprotection with multimodal assessment tools are required.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative neuroprotective pharmacotherapies to target the staged progression of mental illness

Robertson

Coronado

Sethi

et al. 2019

Early Intervention Psych

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“…It remains unclear whether this represents a direct antidepressant treatment effect or if this is due to associated factors that relate to both receiving depression treatment and mortality, such as patients' intrinsic motivation to care for their health [39]. Among post-coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients with mild to moderate depression in a parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial simvastatin or atorvastatin demonstrated a significant effect for time×treatment interaction on depression severity and treatment with simvastatin showed a superior antidepressant effect when compared to atorvastatin [40]. The examination of data collected from 961 men participating in an Osteoporosis Study showed that documented exposure to statin and aspirin was associated with a reduced likelihood of mayor depression, i.e.…”

Section: In Patients With Cardiovascular Disorders Use Serotonin Reupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, a decreased risk of developing depression has been reported among statin users [40]. Aside from their lipid-lowering effects, statins are considered immunomodulatory agents and have protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation which are well known for their association with depression [40] (see Fig.…”

Section: In Patients With Cardiovascular Disorders Use Serotonin Reupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression in the Context of Medical Disorders: New Pharmacological Pathways Revisited

Lang¹,

Walter²

2017

Neurosignals

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The depressive state has been characterised as one of elevated inflammation, changed cardiovascular parameters and a deranged metabolic situation all of which holds promise for a better understanding and handling of treatment-resistance in affective disorders as well as for future developments in treatment algorithms. In this context several biomarkers are differentially regulated by antidepressant treatment and connected to metabolic, inflammatory, cardiovascular and apoptotic components of the pathophysiology, i.e. adiponectin, apolipoprotein-B, B-type natriuretic peptide, cortisol, CRP, cysteine, homocysteine, fibrinogen, adiponectin, BMI, glycated hemoglobin A1c, leptin, interferon-gamma, high-density lipoprotein, interleukin interleukin-1alpha, -1beta, -2, -4, -5, -6, -8, -10, -12, -13, -17, insulin-like growth factor-1, low-density lipoprotein, myeloperoxidase, osteoprotegerin, tumour necrosis factor alpha, troponins, triglycerides etc. In this context antidepressants exert different modulatory effects on the outcome, incidence and mortality concerning several severe disorders, i.e. cancer, diabetes, stroke, inflammation, stroke and cardiovascular risk. Vice versa different drugs used in the treatment of these disorders have a favourable effect in depressive states, e.g. statins, aspirine, NSAIDs, pioglitazone, celecoxib, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonists and minocycline. In this review, actions of different antidepressant treatment strategies on cancer, stroke, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders are shown and the influence on the outcome of the disorders is differentially discussed. In conclusion a hypothetic model for the implication of actual findings in everyday clinical practice is proposed. In this context personalized treatment could be used to tailor treatment to specific individuals according to their clinical endophenotypes. Moreover a potential target for the development of novel intervention strategies might be used.

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“…Statins are a group of lipid-lowering agents acting by inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A (HMG-CoA) reductase. This enzyme catalyses the reduction of hydroxymethylgluteryl CoA (HMG-CoA) to mevalonic acid during cholesterol biosynthesis (Abbasi et al, 2015). It has several pleiotropic actions including hypolipidemic effects, its immunomodulatory effects, and its protective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation (Moutzouri et al, 2012;Mulhauptet al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Along with its lipid-lowering activity, statins improve function of endothelial cells, increase stability of atherosclerotic plaques, decrease oxidative stress, and inhibit thrombogenic responses (Patel and Kothari, 2017). It is also beneficial in prevention of coronary heat diseases even in patients with normal blood cholesterol levels (Abbasi et al, 2015). These benefits made statins widely prescribed for reducing mortality in cases of coronary heart diseases (Patel and Kothari, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of vanadium on oxidative stress and electrolytes balance of dyslipidemic male rats treated with simvastatin

Eweda¹,

Rezk²,

Ahmed³

et al. 2018

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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Dyslipidaemia is characterised by enhanced production of reactive oxygen species and increased oxidative stress, which may affect liver, kidney and heart function. It is considered as a critical risk factor for cardiovascular and liver diseases. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of vanadium chloride on the oxidative stress state of liver, kidney and heart functions along with electrolyte balance during treatment of dyslipidemia using simvastatin in an animal model. Rats were assigned to 1 of 5 groups: group 1, control group; group 2, received high fat diet (HFD); group 3, received HFD and 30 mg/kg body weight (BW) simvastatin; group 4, received HFD and 15 mg/kg BW vanadium chloride and group 5, received HFD, simvastatin and vanadium chloride. Drugs were administered orally by gavage for the last week of the experimental period. HFD was found to elicit a significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in non-protein sulfhydryls and significant increases (P ≤ 0.05) in hepatic and cardiac malondialdehyde (MDA), serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, urea, uric acid, calcium, sodium and potassium. Oral administration of vanadium chloride did not synergize simvastatin to ameliorate the negative effects of HFD, instead it worsens the negative effect of the HFD. Vanadium chloride administration decreased the concentration of non-protein sulfhydryls and increased MDA concentration in liver and heart tissues. It also caused further increase in the serum concentration of all measured serum parameters. These data proved that the vanadium concentration used in this study is not safe or efficient in ameliorating the oxidative stress or in improving kidney or heart functions in dyslipidemic rats.

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Simvastatin versus atorvastatin for improving mild to moderate depression in post-coronary artery bypass graft patients: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial

Cited by 51 publications

References 48 publications

Putative neuroprotective pharmacotherapies to target the staged progression of mental illness

Putative neuroprotective pharmacotherapies to target the staged progression of mental illness

Depression in the Context of Medical Disorders: New Pharmacological Pathways Revisited

Effects of vanadium on oxidative stress and electrolytes balance of dyslipidemic male rats treated with simvastatin

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