Simvastatin in vitiligo: an update with recent review of the literature

Hasan, Rashidul; Agarwal, Komal; Podder, Indrashis; Misitzis, Angelica; Schwartz, Robert A.; Wollina, Uwe; Lotti, Torello; Grabbe, Stephan; Goldust, Mohamad

doi:10.1111/ijd.15330

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…This discrepancy might be due to a low statin dose as a higher dose of systemic statins can cause cutaneous adverse reactions [ 41 ]. Exploring topical statin application offers a promising alternative, allowing for potentially higher local concentrations with minimal adverse effects [ 89 ]. A double-blind placebo-controlled RCT demonstrated that adding topical atorvastatin 5% cream to betamethasone 1% ointment was more effective in treating chronic HE ( n = 44) after 10 days compared to betamethasone ointment plus a vehicle cream ( n = 44), as evidenced by significantly greater reductions in HE severity and itching and improvements in quality of life [ 90 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomics- and Genomics-Guided Drug Repurposing for the Treatment of Vesicular Hand Eczema

Rosenberg,

Kamali,

Voorberg

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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Vesicular hand eczema (VHE), a clinical subtype of hand eczema (HE), showed limited responsiveness to alitretinoin, the only approved systemic treatment for severe chronic HE. This emphasizes the need for alternative treatment approaches. Therefore, our study aimed to identify drug repurposing opportunities for VHE using transcriptomics and genomics data. We constructed a gene network by combining 52 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from a VHE transcriptomics study with 3 quantitative trait locus (QTL) genes associated with HE. Through network analysis, clustering, and functional enrichment analyses, we investigated the underlying biological mechanisms of this network. Next, we leveraged drug–gene interactions and retrieved pharmaco-transcriptomics data from the DrugBank database to identify drug repurposing opportunities for (V)HE. We developed a drug ranking system, primarily based on efficacy, safety, and practical and pricing factors, to select the most promising drug repurposing candidates. Our results revealed that the (V)HE network comprised 78 genes that yielded several biological pathways underlying the disease. The drug–gene interaction search together with pharmaco-transcriptomics lookups revealed 123 unique drug repurposing opportunities. Based on our drug ranking system, our study identified the most promising drug repurposing opportunities (e.g., vitamin D analogues, retinoids, and immunomodulating drugs) that might be effective in treating (V)HE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomics- and Genomics-Guided Drug Repurposing for the Treatment of Vesicular Hand Eczema

Rosenberg,

Kamali,

Voorberg

et al. 2024

Pharmaceutics

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“…Also, data from vitiligo patients in Dell 'Anna et al (2007'Anna et al ( , 2010, in vitro mechanistic study (Hauff et al, 2009), and animal model (Han et al, 2007) indicated that higher demand for cholesterol synthesis (e.g., for cell grow or LDLcholesterol increases) is detrimental to mitochondrial cardiolipin content. This rationale is supported by data who statin mitigating the vitiligo spreading (Hasan et al, 2021). Statins have a lower effect on LDL-cholesterol via HMG-CoA reductase inhibition.…”

Section: A Possible Link Between Vitiligo Onset and Progression With ...mentioning

confidence: 91%

Potential Role of Chronic Physical Exercise as a Treatment in the Development of Vitiligo

et al. 2022

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Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive skin depigmentation and the appearance of white patches throughout the body caused by significant apoptosis of epidermal melanocytes. Despite not causing any physical pain, vitiligo can originate several psychosocial disorders, drastically reducing patients’ quality of life. Emerging evidence has shown that vitiligo is associated with several genetic polymorphisms related to auto-reactivity from the immune system to melanocytes. Melanocytes from vitiligo patients suffer from excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by defective mitochondria besides a poor endogenous antioxidant system (EAS). This redox imbalance results in dramatic melanocyte oxidative stress (OS), causing significant damage in proteins, lipid membranes, and DNA. The damaged melanocytes secret damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMPs), inducing and increasing inflammatory gene expression response that ultimately leads to melanocytes apoptosis. Vitiligo severity has been also associated with increasing the prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) or associated disorders such as insulin resistance and hypercholesterolemia. Thus, suggesting that in genetically predisposed individuals, the environmental context that triggers MetS (i.e., sedentary lifestyle) may also be an important trigger for the development and severity of vitiligo disease. This paper will discuss the relationship between the immune system and epidermal melanocytes and their interplay with the redox system. Based on state-of-the-art evidence from the vitiligo research, physical exercise (PE) immunology, and redox system literature, we will also propose chronic PE as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat and prevent vitiligo disease progression. We will present evidence that chronic PE can change the balance of inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state, improve both EAS and the mitochondrial structure and function (resulting in the decrease of OS). Finally, we will highlight clinically relevant markers that can be analyzed in a new research avenue to test the potential applicability of chronic PE in vitiligo disease.

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“…This may be because higher doses are required for its effectiveness. It is anticipated that the topical therapy can provide a sufficiently high local concentration, for which a topical simvastatin salt trial (EVRAAS trial) is underway [ 46 , 47 ]. Aspirin has antioxidant activity and has good preventive and therapeutic effects against many oxidative stress-related diseases.…”

Section: Oxidative Stress and Vitiligomentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Targeted Antioxidant Therapy and Vitiligo

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2022

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Vitiligo is a common acquired depigmenting disease characterized by the loss of functional melanocytes and epidermal melanin. Vitiligo has a long treatment cycle and slow results, which is one of the most difficult challenges for skin diseases. Oxidative stress plays an important role as an initiating and driving factor in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Antioxidant therapy has recently become a research hotspot in vitiligo treatment. A series of antioxidants has been discovered and applied to the treatment of vitiligo, which has returned satisfactory results. This article briefly reviews the relationship between oxidative stress and vitiligo. We also describe the progress of targeted antioxidant therapy in vitiligo, with the aim of providing a reference for new drug development and treatment options for this condition.

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Simvastatin in vitiligo: an update with recent review of the literature

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Transcriptomics- and Genomics-Guided Drug Repurposing for the Treatment of Vesicular Hand Eczema

Transcriptomics- and Genomics-Guided Drug Repurposing for the Treatment of Vesicular Hand Eczema

Potential Role of Chronic Physical Exercise as a Treatment in the Development of Vitiligo

Research Progress on Targeted Antioxidant Therapy and Vitiligo

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