Simultaneously High Prevalences of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections in a Population in Putian County, China

Lü, Wenping; Lin, Gigin; Shi, Shuang; Dong, Jiahong

doi:10.1128/jcm.00273-12

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In fact, more than half of residents over the age of 40 years were infected with HCV. The study authors [8] noted that this finding was unexpected and may have been due to the lack of sterilization of medical equipment that was common practice in this region until the 1990s [8] (Table 1).…”

Section: Epidemiology Reviewmentioning

confidence: 87%

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A review of the burden of hepatitis C virus infection in China, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan

Bennett¹,

Waser²,

Johnston³

et al. 2015

Hepatol Int

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with substantial clinical and economic burden and is an important public health issue in Asia. The objective of this review was to characterize HCV epidemiology and related complications in China, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. A search of electronic databases and conference abstracts identified 71 potentially relevant articles. Of those, 55 were included in the epidemiology review and 9 in the review of HCV-related complications. HCV prevalence in the general population was 1.6% in China, 0.6-0.9% in Japan, 0.6-1.1% in South Korea and 1.8-5.5% in Taiwan. Prevalence was higher for injecting drug users (48-90%) and those with human immunodeficiency virus coinfection (32-85%) and was lower for blood donors (<1%). Annual incidence of HCV in China was 6.01 per 100,000. HCV genotype 1b was associated with the highest incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Five-year survival for patients with liver cirrhosis was 73.8%, decreasing to 39.2% following liver transplantation; the majority of deaths were attributable to HCC. Limitations were that the majority of studies included in the epidemiology review were small, regional studies conducted in specific populations, and there was an absence of large population-based studies. Thus, estimates may not be representative of the epidemiology of HCV for each country. The prevalence HCV in China and HCV incidence in the Asian region remain largely unknown, and they are likely underestimated. Further epidemiologic and clinical data are needed to provide more precise estimates for use by public health agencies.

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Section: Epidemiology Reviewmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In Putian County [8], HCV prevalence was found to increase significantly (p = 0.0001) with age, ranging from 12 % in those 20-29 years of age to 69 % in those aged 60-69 years [8]. In fact, more than half of residents over the age of 40 years were infected with HCV.…”

Section: Epidemiology Reviewmentioning

confidence: 88%

A review of the burden of hepatitis C virus infection in China, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan

Bennett¹,

Waser²,

Johnston³

et al. 2015

Hepatol Int

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“…In the same year, 10.4% of 14,997 cases screened positive for HBV in insular regions of southeast China [9]. Prior to this, an examination of 1050 people in Putian found that 15.8% tested positive for HBV [10]. Military personnel experience greater exposure to transmissible infectious diseases due to the nature of their missions [11, 12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of knowledge about hepatitis B among new military recruits in China

Chen

Wei

et al. 2017

Military Med Res

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BackgroundHepatitis B is a disease that affects the liver and is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Hepatitis B is a serious public health problem in China. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge of and behaviours towards the transmission and prevention of hepatitis B of new military recruits in China.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 new military recruits. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used to collect information, and 727 questionnaires were returned completed. Analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsOf the respondents, 665 (91.5%) were male and 62 (8.5%) were female. The mean age was 18.9 ± 1.7 years. A total of 608 respondents (83.6%) demonstrated poor knowledge and 119 (16.4%) adequate knowledge about HBV. Older age, female and higher education level were statistically associated with a higher mean knowledge score. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age (OR = 3.040, 95%CI 1.724–5.359, P < 0.001) and gender (OR = 1.791, 95%CI 1.325–2.421, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with appropriate behavioural practices towards prevention of HBV.ConclusionAgainst a backdrop of high HBV prevalence in China, new military recruits had poor knowledge of HBV. New recruits need better education about HBV to assist in reducing and preventing HBV infection.

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“…Inadequate reprocessing of medical devices has been considered as one of the factors contributing to higher rates of HAIs in developing countries [2,3,17]. An acute hepatitis outbreak in Gujarat in India and a high prevalence of anti-hepatitis C seropositivity (28.9%) in a Chinese village were both attributed to inadequately sterilized medical equipment, including needles and syringes [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of autoclaving in sterilizing reusable medical devices in healthcare facilities

Panta

Richardson

Shaw

2019

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Medical devices are sterilized before being used for invasive clinical procedures such as surgery, to prevent pathogen transfer. Failure to sterilize medical devices properly presents a risk of healthcare-associated infections. Studies and reports have indicated that inadequately sterilized medical devices are one of the causes of a higher rate of healthcare-associated infections in developing countries. Steam sterilization (autoclaving) is the most widely used method for sterilization and is considered the most robust and cost-effective method for sterilization of medical devices. The effectiveness of steam sterilization can be measured using biological indicators. A literature search was undertaken to understand the effectiveness of autoclaving in sterilizing reusable medical devices in healthcare facilities across the globe. Studies using biological indicators for measuring the effectiveness of autoclaving were obtained. Failures of steam sterilization practices were identified and discussed as a means of identifying factors that might be associated with the ineffectiveness of steam sterilization practices between different countries. The number of studies measuring the effectiveness of steam sterilization is small, and few evaluate the effectiveness of steam sterilization specifically in developing countries. There are fewer studies on higher level healthcare facilities than dental facilities. More evidence about the effectiveness of autoclaving in healthcare facilities is needed to draw firm conclusions, but the data suggest that there are inadequacies in autoclave procedures and operator education.

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Simultaneously High Prevalences of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections in a Population in Putian County, China

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

A review of the burden of hepatitis C virus infection in China, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan

A review of the burden of hepatitis C virus infection in China, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan

A survey of knowledge about hepatitis B among new military recruits in China

Effectiveness of autoclaving in sterilizing reusable medical devices in healthcare facilities

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