Simultaneously enhance the inactivation and inhibit the photoreactivation of fungal spores by the combination of UV-LEDs and chlorine: Kinetics and mechanisms

Wan, Qiqi; Wen, Gang; Cao, Ruihua; Zhao, Hui; Xu, Xiangqian; Xia, Yuancheng; Wu, Gehui; Lin, Wei; Wang, Jingyi; Huang, Tinglin

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.116143

Cited by 49 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Thus, regarding virucidal mechanisms based on UVC LED treatments, fatal damage to microbial cells occurs over a UVC LED range because the intercellular components of microbes (such as RNA and capsid proteins) can sensitively absorb UVC photons. Damage to viral proteins and/or viral nucleic acids is well known as a general mechanism of virus inactivation by UVC LED disinfection ( Wan et al, 2020 ). For example, a UVC LED light source can disintegrate the viral capsid protein of murine norovirus-1 ( Park et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ultraviolet-C Light-Emitting Diode Treatment on Disinfection of Norovirus in Processing Water for Reuse of Brine Water

Yoon¹,

Ha²,

Park³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Processes in the food industry that use large amounts of water have been an important cause of waterborne disease outbreaks, as they expose individuals to risks for waterborne disease transmission. Developing technologies to ensure the hygiene and safety of food-processing steps is an urgent concern from an economic perspective. Furthermore, economic benefits can be derived if the processed water can be reused under microbiologically safe conditions. Among the major manufacturing processes in the kimchi industry, the brining process for salted kimchi cabbages requires a considerable amount of brine (approximately 2,000–2,500 l/1,000 kg of raw cabbage). The aim of this study was to establish virucidal conditions with ultraviolet-C light-emitting diodes (UVC LEDs) that can ensure the microbiological safety of brine water samples with various turbidities for reuse after disinfection. For quantitative analysis, first of all, magnetic bead separation (MBS) technique was used to capture and recover the human norovirus (HuNoV) virus particles; propidium monoazide (PMA) combined with RT-qPCR (PMA-RT-qPCR) was subsequently used to selectively detect infectious norovirus. Overall, as the turbidity of the brine water samples increased, the reduction in the HuNoV genogroup II genotype 4 (HuNoV GII.4) levels by UVC LED disinfection decreased. The derived inactivation rate constant (kinac) and inactivation curves (calculated using the log-linear model) were studied as a function of turbidity based on the exponential one-phase inactivation kinetics of HuNoV. Using an impeller system set at 100 rotations/min (rpm) with an eight-nephelometric turbidity unit (NTU) sample (the lowest turbidity studied), the kinact based on the levels of viral genomic RNA concentrations was approximately 2.15-fold higher than that observed without rotation (0 rpm). Moreover, the kinact increased 1.69-fold with a 56-NTU sample (the highest turbidity studied) when the impeller system was set at 100 rpm. UVC LED treatment decreased the HuNoV GII.4 population more effectively in conjunction with the impeller system (100 rpm) than without the impeller system. Our novel findings and model provide fundamental and scientific data that may help reuse brine water and ensure its microbiological safety through disinfection. Our study highlights the benefits of UVC LED treatment in successfully eliminating waterborne viruses in a prompt, resistance-reducing, and energy-efficient approach at the laboratory scale, which lays the foundation for future plant-scale studies of UVC LED-disinfection systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ultraviolet-C Light-Emitting Diode Treatment on Disinfection of Norovirus in Processing Water for Reuse of Brine Water

Yoon¹,

Ha²,

Park³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Although UVC-LED disinfection can effectively inactivate infectious viruses, the shortcoming of UV irradiation is that there is no durative antimicrobial activity because the DNA damage of the microbial cells caused by UV irradiation can be repaired through photoreactivation or nucleotide excision repair. Although studies on the photoactivation properties of infectious viruses are limited., hurdle technology using chemical disinfection treatment, considering the shortcomings of UV disinfection, has recently been reported ( Li et al, 2018 ; Nyangaresi et al, 2018 ; Wan et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Virucidal Efficacy of Human Norovirus Using Combined Sprayed Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water and Ultraviolet C-Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation Treatment Based on Optimized Capture Assay for Quantitative RT-qPCR

Song¹,

Dang²,

Ha³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW), an effective non-thermal virucidal treatment, is used widely to prevent infectious viral cross-contamination. Surface disinfection technologies using ultraviolet C-light-emitting diode (UVC-LED) irradiation have recently attracted considerable attention. The SAEW sprayer technique is an efficient approach to preventing the spread of infectious viral pathogens in the public healthcare sector. Therefore, we investigated a small-scale system comprising sprayed SAEW disinfection combined with UVC-LED irradiation to inactivate the human norovirus (HuNoV) in the environment. A stainless-steel surface was inoculated with a HuNoV genogroup II genotype 4 (GII.4) to achieve maximum reduction values of 3.21 log10 genomic copies. For optimal disinfection conditions, the response surface methodology based on the Box–Behnken design revealed that the specific treatment conditions for inactivation of HuNoV GII.4 were an SAEW droplet volume of 180 μL, 30 ppm available chlorine concentration of SAEW, and a UVC-LED exposure dose of 2 mJ/cm2. The results indicate that the combined disinfection treatment could efficiently prevent the spread of HuNoVs in environment. Furthermore, the quadratic polynomial equations of the 3-D response surface can be employed to predict the effects of combined disinfection treatment on HuNoV contamination on environmental surfaces. Therefore, sprayed SAEW disinfection combined with UVC-LED irradiation proposed in this study may offer insights for designing optimal control strategies and techniques to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases, particularly HuNoV.

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“…To investigate whether the spores can be photoreactivated after treatment by different processes, experiments were conducted following the method described in previous literature, and the details are shown in Text S5. [26][27][28]41 2.2.5. DBP Formation and DBP-Associated Toxicity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Inactivation of Fungal Spores in Drinking Water by Far-UVC Photolysis of Free Chlorine

Wang,

Ma,

Zhao

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Effective and affordable disinfection technology is one key to achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6. In this work, we develop a process by integrating Far-UVC irradiation at 222 nm with free chlorine (UV 222 /chlorine) for rapid inactivation of the chlorine-resistant and opportunistic Aspergillus niger spores in drinking water. The UV 222 /chlorine process achieves a 5.0-log inactivation of the A. niger spores at a chlorine dosage of 3.0 mg L −1 and a UV fluence of 30 mJ cm −2 in deionized water, tap water, and surface water. The inactivation rate constant of the spores by the UV 222 /chlorine process is 0.55 min −1 , which is 4.6-fold, 5.5fold, and 1.8-fold, respectively, higher than those of the UV 222 alone, chlorination alone, and the conventional UV 254 /chlorine process under comparable conditions. The more efficient inactivation by the UV 222 /chlorine process is mainly attributed to the enhanced generation of reactive chlorine species (e.g., 6.7 × 10 −15 M of Cl • ) instead of hydroxyl radicals from UV 222 photolysis of chlorine, which is verified through both experiments and a kinetic model. We further demonstrate that UV 222 photolysis damages the membrane integrity and benefits the penetration of chlorine and radicals into cells for inactivation. The merits of the UV 222 /chlorine process over the UV 254 /chlorine process also include the more effective inhibition of the photoreactivation of the spores after disinfection and the lower formation of chlorinated disinfection byproducts and toxicity.

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Simultaneously enhance the inactivation and inhibit the photoreactivation of fungal spores by the combination of UV-LEDs and chlorine: Kinetics and mechanisms

Cited by 49 publications

References 69 publications

Effect of Ultraviolet-C Light-Emitting Diode Treatment on Disinfection of Norovirus in Processing Water for Reuse of Brine Water

Effect of Ultraviolet-C Light-Emitting Diode Treatment on Disinfection of Norovirus in Processing Water for Reuse of Brine Water

Evaluation of Virucidal Efficacy of Human Norovirus Using Combined Sprayed Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water and Ultraviolet C-Light-Emitting Diode Irradiation Treatment Based on Optimized Capture Assay for Quantitative RT-qPCR

Rapid Inactivation of Fungal Spores in Drinking Water by Far-UVC Photolysis of Free Chlorine

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