Simultaneously both expression of LMP-1 and methylation of E-cadherin: Molecular biomarker in stage IV of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients

Abstract

The phenome of E-cadherin gene methylation and the expression of latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1) gene are associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In order to determine whether cooperative LMP-1 expression or methylation of E-cadherin could serve as the potential molecule biomarker target for diagnosis and therapy of NPC, a case-control study including 93 NPC biopsy samples and 100 non cancerous nasopharyngeal swab samples were examined, as well as the strength of association among them by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and nested-methylation-specific PCR methods. The significantly higher frequency of LMP-1 expression and E-cadherin methylation in NPC biopsy samples, accounting for 76.34 and 73.12%, respectively, compared to non cancerous samples, accounting for 0.00 and 30.00%, respectively, were observed. The significant correlation between the LMP-1 expression and E-cadherin methylation in NPC samples was reported. In detail, in the stage IV of NPC, in case of LMP-1-positive samples, 35 of 37 samples (accounting for 94.60%) were positive for methylation of E-cadherin. It was demonstrated that cooperative LMP-1 expression and E-cadherin gene methylation could serve as a molecular biomarker in NPC.

Establishing protocol for detecting methylation of Ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase 1 gene’s promoter in nasopharyngeal carcinoma

“…Events of epigenetics, one of the genetic disorders, have been reported that plays striking roles in many human cancers, including NPC (Herceg & Hainaut, 2007;Dai, Zheng, Cheung, & Lung, 2016;. DNA hypermethylation (or DNA methylation) is the best-studied epigenetic alteration (Herceg & Hainaut, 2007;Lao, Truong, et al, 2021). The DNA methylation refers to the transfer a methyl group from S-adenyl methionine to the bases of 5-carbon of Cytosine which is located at 5' to a Guanosine base in a CpG dinucleotide by DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) (Herceg & Hainaut, 2007;Moore, Le, & Fan, 2013;Lao, Truong, et al, 2021) (Figure 1).…”

“…DNA hypermethylation (or DNA methylation) is the best-studied epigenetic alteration (Herceg & Hainaut, 2007;Lao, Truong, et al, 2021). The DNA methylation refers to the transfer a methyl group from S-adenyl methionine to the bases of 5-carbon of Cytosine which is located at 5' to a Guanosine base in a CpG dinucleotide by DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) (Herceg & Hainaut, 2007;Moore, Le, & Fan, 2013;Lao, Truong, et al, 2021) (Figure 1). Importantly, aberrant methylation of DNA is significantly related to a wide variety of human cancers, including NPC (Herceg & Hainaut, 2007;Dai et al, 2016;Lao, Truong, et al, 2021).…”

“…The DNA methylation refers to the transfer a methyl group from S-adenyl methionine to the bases of 5-carbon of Cytosine which is located at 5' to a Guanosine base in a CpG dinucleotide by DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) (Herceg & Hainaut, 2007;Moore, Le, & Fan, 2013;Lao, Truong, et al, 2021) (Figure 1). Importantly, aberrant methylation of DNA is significantly related to a wide variety of human cancers, including NPC (Herceg & Hainaut, 2007;Dai et al, 2016;Lao, Truong, et al, 2021). For the past few decades, many efforts have been pointed out aberrant methylated CpG islands located at promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes leading to its inactivation and participations in various processes of nasopharyngeal tumorigenesis (Han et al, 2020;Lao, Truong, et al, 2021;Sharma, Kelly, & Jones, 2010;Tian et al, 2013).…”

“…Importantly, aberrant methylation of DNA is significantly related to a wide variety of human cancers, including NPC (Herceg & Hainaut, 2007;Dai et al, 2016;Lao, Truong, et al, 2021). For the past few decades, many efforts have been pointed out aberrant methylated CpG islands located at promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes leading to its inactivation and participations in various processes of nasopharyngeal tumorigenesis (Han et al, 2020;Lao, Truong, et al, 2021;Sharma, Kelly, & Jones, 2010;Tian et al, 2013). It is necessary to find out the epigenetic target gene or panel of genes, which could be used as markers of early diagnosis, risk evaluation as well as cancer prevention (Herceg & Hainaut, 2007).…”